This article reviews the unique pharmacological properties of methadone and outlines its appropriate clinical application, with focus upon its use in the treatment of chronic pain. Although methadone is most widely known for its use in the treatment of opioid dependence, methadone also provides effective analgesia. Patients who experience inadequate pain relief or intolerable side effects with ...

We have developed a sensitive HPLC method for measuring methadone in plasma and have used it to establish that there is a linear relationship between plasma concentration and methadone dose over the range of 3-100 mg of methadone per day in a group of 31 addicts. We found a good correlation between dose and plasma concentration (r = 0.89), with the plasma methadone concentration increasing by 0...

BACKGROUND Outcomes of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in the management of opioid dependency can be impaired by poor adherence and retention, concomitant drug use, poor adjustment of methadone dosage, and low levels of awareness regarding methadone among drug users, among other factors. This study investigated the effects of intensive blended treatment literacy and psychoeducation on tre...

BACKGROUND Genetic variability may influence methadone metabolism, dose requirements, and risk of relapse. OBJECTIVES To determine whether the CYP2B6*6 or ABCB1 (rs1045642) polymorphisms are associated with variation in methadone response (plasma concentration, dose, or response to treatment). METHODS Two independent reviewers searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science d...

BACKGROUND Methadone is often prescribed as a taper schedule to prevent/treat opioid abstinence syndrome (OAS) or neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the percentage of children discharged home on methadone tapers and to develop, assess, and implement an instrument for measuring the complexity of the methadone regimens. METHODS This stud...

Voltage-dependent ionic currents were recorded from squid giant fiber lobe neurons using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. When applied to the bathing solution, methadone was found to block IK, I Na and I Ca. Both I Na and I Ca were reduced without apparent change in kinetics and exhibited IC(50)'s of 50-100 and 250-500 mu M, respectively, at +10 mV. In contrast, IK was reduced in a time-de...

Methadone is a long-acting opioid with considerable unexplained interindividual variability in clearance. Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) mediates clinical methadone clearance and metabolic inactivation via N-demethylation to 2-ethyl-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP). Retrospective studies suggest that individuals with the CYP2B6*6 allelic variant have higher methadone plasma concentrati...

1 Corrections Management Quarterly, 2001, 5(1), 1–9 © 2001 Aspen Publishers, Inc. A persistently disruptive force in correctional facilities is prison gangs. Prison gangs disrupt correctional programming, threaten the safety of inmates and staff, and erode institutional quality of life. The authors review the history of, and correctional mechanisms to cope with prison gangs. A suppression strat...

BACKGROUND Data from the US indicates that methadone-maintained populations are aging, with an increase of patients aged 50 or older. Data from European methadone populations is sparse. This retrospective cohort study sought to evaluate the age trends and related developments in the methadone population of Basel-City, Switzerland. METHODS The study included methadone patients between April 1,...

AIMS Methadone treatment has been shown to be an effective intervention that can lower the risk of heroin-induced overdose death. Recent reports have suggested increases in methadone-induced overdose deaths in several locations in the USA and in Europe. This study investigated the role of methadone and opiates in accidental overdose deaths in New York City. DESIGN We analysed data from the Of...