background: iron, manganese, and aluminum are three abundant metals on earth and their concentrations have increased in aquatic environments as a result of natural and industrial activities. this study was undertaken to report the median acute toxicity (lc50) and accumulation of the sub-lethal concentration (10% 96-h lc50) of iron (fe), manganese (mn) and aluminum (al) in kutum (rutilus kutum) ...

Solid-state recycling, which involves the direct recycling of scrap metal into bulk material using severe plastic deformation, has emerged as a potential alternative to the conventional remelting and recycling techniques. Hot press forging has been identified as a sustainable direct recycling technique that has fewer steps and maintains excellent material performance. An experimental investigat...

Metal coating, metal materials are of two or more layers. The coating metals are widely used in industry. These sheets or saving performance and cost effective solution or both the user. Performance coating metals according to usage in structural applications, settings thermal expansion of the thermo-mechanical control (thermostat), electrical, magnetic, corrosion resistant, flowering and decor...

Coarsening in three-dimensional polycrystalline systems such as foams, magnetic bubbles, metal crystals, and ceramics is poorly understood because of the absence of data describing the interior of these materials. We introduce magnetic resonance imaging to probe the interior of a foam, providing information on topology and foam drainage. The foam does not appear to coarsen in a self-similar way...

Uniform and graded chemical milling of aluminum foams Y. Matsumoto a,∗, A.H. Brothers b, S.R. Stock c, D.C. Dunand b a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oita National College of Technology, 1666 Maki, Oita 870-0152, Japan b Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208-3108, USA c Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biol...

Over the past several decades, aluminum foam (Al-foam) has found increasing popularity in industrial applications due to its unique material properties. Unfortunately, till date Al-foam can only be affordably manufactured in flat panels, and it becomes necessary to bend the foam to the final shape that is required in engineering applications. Past studies have shown that thin cell walls crack a...