Conventional water treatment consumes large quantities of coagulant and produces even greater volumes of sludge. Coagulant recovery (CR) presents an opportunity to reduce both the sludge quantities and the costs they incur, by regenerating and purifying coagulant before reuse. Recovery and purification must satisfy stringent potable regulations for harmful contaminants, while remaining competit...

Human antibodies that inactivate factor VIII procoagulant activity (VIII:C) are heterogeneous in their kinetic properties. We report there here the properties of four type I and four type II antibodies classified according to Biggs et al. Type I antibodies have second-order inactivation kinetics and completely destroy VIII:C when present in high concentration; type II antibodies have more compl...

A coagulation treatment is a separation technology widely used in industries as pre-treatment step to remove the dissolved organic matter wastewater. However, type of coagulant, optimized dose, and cost associated with various commercially employed coagulants must be investigated for oil gas produced water. In this study, five coagulants—ferric chloride, aluminum potassium sulphate, chitosan, s...

In this research, the quality of wastewater discharged into environment has been investigated. The effluent from solar desalination pond contains large amounts TDS (3.68 grams per liter) and TH (6.50 liter). Since use filter is not economical in case, three types commercial coagulants such as aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride sulfide have used study. main parameters effectiveness inorganic coag...

Coagulant dosing control in drinking and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is often limited to flow proportional concepts. The advanced multi-parameter-based dosing control systems have significantly reduced coagulant consumption and improved outlet qualities. Due to the long retention time in separation stages, these models are mostly based on feed-forward (FF) models. This paper demonstrate...

This study investigated the effect of seasonal variation (i.e. winter and summer) on tannin extracts from spruce bark as biocoagulants for water treatment applications. Tannins were extracted through three different extraction procedures: cold-water (21 °C), plus hot-water (85 °C) direct °C). 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra showed that extractions possessed highest proportion phenols. Ele...