In the present paper, the problem of light reflection from a birefringent medium and thin film is considered. First, the analytical equations governing the propagation of a plane and harmonic electromagnetic wave in an infinite, birefringent, linear, non-dispersive, non-absorbing, and non-magnetic medium is derived from Maxwell equations. Then, using phase matching condition and boundary condit...

Displacements around a tunnel, occurring as a result of excavation, consist of the elastic and plastic parts. In this paper, we discuss the elastic part of displacements as a result of excavation, called net displacement. In general, the previous analytical solutions presented for determining the displacements around a circular tunnel in an elastic medium do not give the net displacements...

The existing theory for wave propagation through a soil layer are not compatible with the real soil layers because in the theory the layers are flat and the sub-layers are parallel, while in real the soil layers are not flat and they may not be parallel. Thus, wave propagations through a corrugated interface are so important. In this paper, a two-dimensional SH-wave propagation through a corrug...

Three-dimensional enriched finite elements are used to compute mixed-mode stress intensity factors (SIFs) for three-dimensional cracks in elastic functionally graded materials (FGMs) that are subject to general mixed-mode loading. The method, which advantageously does not require special mesh configuration/modifications and post-processing of finite element results, is an enhancement of previou...

The solution to the canonical problem of a radiating infinitesimal electric dipole antenna that is centred in a multilayered, concentric metamaterial-based spherical shell system is presented. It is demonstrated that when this system is electrically small, a specifically designed homogenous and isotropic epsilon-negative (ENG) layer can function as a distributed matching element to the antenna ...

Background: Lower extremity injuries are frequently observed in car-to-pedestrian accidents and due to the bumper height of most cars, knee joint is one of the most damaged body parts in car-to-pedestrian collisions.Objective: The aim of this paper is first to provide an accurate Finite Element model of the knee joint and second to investigate lower limb impact biomechanics in car-to-pede...