Visual attention and visual working memory exert severe capacity limitations on cognitive processing. Impairments in both functions may exacerbate the social and communication deficits seen in children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study characterizes spatial working memory and visual attention in school-age children with high-functioning autism. Children with ASD, and age, gende...

Since episodic memory impairments have been pointed out as the first symptom to occur in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), what have we learned about the nature of those impairments? There is still no consensus regarding the cognitive substrates of the inaugural memory disorder. Encoding, storage as well as retrieval or recognition had all been pointed out, but a compound deficit has also been suggeste...

In this study we investigated the interrelationships among memory function, depression, and progressing age in the elderly women. We hypothesized that memory deficit would increase with progressing old age and would be further enhanced in the presence of depression. The study was conducted on 44 female volunteers of the mean age of 67.8 +/-1.1(SE) years (range 55-83). The population sample was ...

BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) patients show theory of mind (ToM) deficit since the early stages of the disease, and this deficit has been associated with working memory, executive functions and quality of life impairment. To date, neuroanatomical correlates of ToM have not been assessed with magnetic resonance imaging in PD. The main objective of this study was to assess cerebral correlat...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of alstonine, an indole alkaloid with putative antipsychotic effects, on working memory by using the step-down inhibitory avoidance paradigm and MK801-induced working memory deficits in mice. Additionally, the role of serotonin 5-HT2A/C receptors in the effects of alstonine on mouse models associated with positive (MK801-induced hyperlocomo...

Although frontal dysexecutive disorders are frequently considered to be due to working memory deficit, this has not been systematically examined and very little evidence is available for impairment of working memory in frontal damage. The objective of this study was to examine the components of working memory, their anatomy and the relations with executive functions in patients with stroke invo...

We recently reported that patients who had received unilateral temporal lobectomy, including the amygdala and hippocampus, show impaired acquisition in a fear conditioning task (LaBar, LeDoux, Spencer, & Phelps, 1995), indicating a deficit in emotional memory. In the present paper, we examined performance of these patients on two verbal, emotional memory tasks in an effort to determine the exte...