This paper builds on the theory of institutions, a version of abstract model theory that emerged in computer science studies of software specification and semantics. To handle proof theory, our institutions use an extension of traditional categorical logic with sets of sentences as objects instead of single sentences, and with morphisms representing proofs as usual. A natural equivalence relati...

PTJ does not usually publish tributes, as there are so many physical therapists who have given so much to their profession and to rehabilitation science. We make an exception in this case because of the direct impact that Dr Beverly Bishop has had on PTJ's Editorial Board over the years. B orn in Corning, NY, Bishop earned a bachelor of science degree in mathematics from Syracuse University in ...

Art held many academic positions including professor of pathology at the State University of New York at Stony Brook, Director of the Institute of Environmental Medicine at New York University, Clinical Professor of Environmental and Community Medicine at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Clinical Professor of Pathology and Radiology a...

On Jun. 17, 2008, the lipid research community lost a beloved friend and scholar, Roger A. Davis. Roger was a major contributor to our understanding of the regulation of lipoprotein production, bile acid metabolism, and atherosclerosis. Roger gravitated to science at an early age; he loved to tinker and felt that the truthfulness of science provided a refuge from the conflicting religious ortho...

Starting with the hypothesis of Judah Folkman that tumor growth is angiogenesis dependent, this area of research has a solid scientific foundation. More than 30 years ago, Folkman found a revolutionary new way to think about cancer. He postulated that in order to survive and grow, tumors require blood vessels and that by cutting off the blood supply a cancer could be starved into remission. Sev...

1928-1976 D R. ROBERT INSLEE WEED, Professor of Medicine and of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, and Chief of the Hematology Unit in the Department of Medicine at the University of Rochester, died August 18, 1976. Dr. Weed obtained his baccalaureate in 1949 and his medical degree in 1952 from Yale University. He interned in Medicine at Strong Memorial Hospital of the University of Rochester. T...

On June 20, 1978, Wolfgang BARGMANN, Professor emeritus of Kiel University and Chairman of the Department of Anatomy from 1946 to 1974, died at the age of seventy-two from cerebral hemorrhage. His name was well known to anatomists and biologists worldwide, not only for his outstanding accomplishments in the field of neurosecretion but also as the editor of Cell and Tissue Research (formerly Zei...

It is likely that the best-known paper on twins, at least in the English language, is " Primary biases in twin studies ". Although published as a review, it was more nearly a monograph and presented the most thorough discussion, then or now, of the potential effects of intrauterine phenomena on twin differences after birth. The paper called attention to peculiarities of development in twins: la...

The Study of Earth Movements in California: DR. ARTHUR L. DAY... 323 The Second General Assembly of the International Geophysical Union: PROFESSOR HARRY FIELDING REID .... 328 In Memoriam-Sir Thomas Clifford Allbutt: LT. COLONEL F. H. GARRISON .330 Scientific Events: John Fillmore Hayford; The Eastern New York Section of the American Chemical Society; The National Institute for Research in Coll...

In This Issue Bert R. Boyce IN MEMORIAM Jean Tague-Sutcliffe, 1931-1996 Mike Nelson RESEARCH Design and Implementation of Automatic Indexing for Information Retrieval with Arabic Documents Ismaii Hmeidi, Ghassan Kanaan, and Martha Evens Information Using Likeness Measures Martin FrickP Types and Levels of Collaboration in Interdisciplinary Research in the Sciences Jian Qin, F. W. Lancaster, and...