Two-dimensional (2D) MXene-based lamellar membranes bearing interlayers of tunable hydrophilicity are promising for high-performance water purification. The current challenge lies in how to engineer the pore wall's surface properties subnano-confinement environment while ensuring its high selectivity. Herein, poly(ionic liquid)s, equipped with readily exchangeable counter anions, succeeded as a...

1 Biosystems Group, School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK 2 Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK 3 Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK 4 Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK 5 Institute of Membrane and Systems Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, U...

A major challenge when using microorganisms to produce bulk chemicals such as biofuels is that the production targets are often toxic to cells. Many biofuels are known to reduce cell viability through damage to the cell membrane and interference with essential physiological processes. Therefore, cells must trade off biofuel production and survival, reducing potential yields. Recently, there hav...

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