Experiments in the 1960s showed that Sendai virus, a paramyxovirus, fused its membrane with the host plasma membrane. After membrane fusion, the virus spontaneously "uncoated" with diffusion of the viral membrane proteins into the host plasma membrane and a merging of the host and viral membranes. This led to deposit of the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) and interior proteins in the cell cytopla...

In the present study we determined the effect of the lectins concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed (PWM), frequently used in cell proliferation assays, on the proliferation of goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The use of a standardized Percoll gradient proved to be highly effective for the separation/enrichment of these cells, without damaging the cell mem...

X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded from isolated single rod outer segments of frog. The outer segments in Ringer's solution were exposed to a 6 µm microbeam (15 keV) at the BL40XU beamline, SPring-8. The diffraction pattern demonstrated a remarkable regularity in the stacking and flatness of the disk membranes. The electron density profile calculated from the intensity of up to tenth-orde...

This study examined the effect of cellcultured Acanthopanax senticosus (A. senticosus) extract on the antioxidative defense system, oxidative stress and cell membrane fluidity in the liver of type 2 diabetes in the C57BL/6J mouse as an animal which is genetically prone to develop insulin resistance and obesity/diabetes. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided, control diet (N-C), high fat diet (DM-...

The advent of cell fusion techniques for producing monoclonal antibodies has stimulated world-wide effort in the search for antibodies with specificity for neoplastic cells. In parallel, a number of laboratories have attempted to devise ways of attaching cytotoxic agents to antibodies with the aim of generating potent anticancer agents from monoclonal antibodies that exhibit sufficient specific...