Sentinel node (SN) biopsy has become standard in staging of cutaneous melanoma. As skin lymphatic drainage is complex, preoperative empirical assessment of SN localization is virtually impossible. Therefore in order to identify all regional lymphatic basins corresponding to a specific primary tumor is mandatory to carry out preoperative lymphoscintigraphy. In this paper we present a clinical ca...

prioritization of sub-watersheds is very important in the natural sources and watershed management. in this study, the morphometric parameter and landuse changes using rs and gis techniques used in order to identify erosion-prone sub-watersheds. the morphometric parameter such as basin relief, the linear parameters (drainage density, bifurcation ratio, length of overland flow, stream frequency ...

Taihu Lake is located at the center of Changjiang delta region, the Lake and its effluent rivers are important water sources for 40 million around inhabitants and rapidly increasing industrial factories in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. The pollutants originate mainly from acidy rain, home sewage of the vast number of inhabitants, livestock manure, agricultural fertilizers & pesticides applied...

Catchment morphology and drainage density are strongly influenced by hillslope processes. The consequences of several different hillslope process laws are explored in a series of experiments with a numerical model of drainage basin evolution. Five different models are considered , including a simple diffusive-advective process transition, a runoff-generation threshold, an erosion threshold, and...

The main basin for breast lymphatic drainage is ipsilateral axilla. However, extra-axillary drainage may be seen in some patients. The most common extra-axillary site is internal mammary chain, while contralateral axillary drainage is an extremely rare situation in previously untreated patients. We describe a case of untreated right breast retroareolar carcinoma with contralateral axillary drai...

Lymphatic mapping with sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy can accurately stage the nodal basins in patients with melanoma of the trunk and extremities and has become a routine, well-accepted diagnostic method for melanoma at these anatomic locations. Melanoma of the head and neck (16% of all cases of melanoma) is complex and difficult to manage because of the rich abundant interlacing lymphatic d...

Before the advent of sentinel-node dissection, patients with intermediate-thickness melanoma were managed primarily by wide local excision and regional lymphadenectomy. In the head and neck region, this often entailed either radical neck dissection or modified radical neck dissection. With lesions of the scalp, management of the lymph nodes was particularly difficult because of the known ambigu...

We examined genetic diversity within- and among-populations of speckled dace (Rhinichthys osculus) in five major drainage systems in the state of Oregon in western North America. Analysis of sequence variation in a 670-bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene revealed deep divergence among basins and high genetic diversity within basins. Application of a molecular clock indicated that ...