BACKGROUND One potential mechanism for early superficial cartilage wear in normal joints is alteration of the lubricant content and quality of synovial fluid. The purpose of this study was to determine if the concentration and quality of the lubricant, hyaluronan, in synovial fluid: (1) was similar in left and right knees; (2) exhibited similar age-associated trends, whether collected postmorte...

BACKGROUND LDL oxidation in the vascular wall is associated with aldehyde modification of surrounding extracellular matrix proteins that may target autoimmune responses against vascular tissues. Here we investigated the possible influence of immunity against a malondialdehyde (MDA)-modified form of the basement membrane protein laminin on atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS IgM and IgG autoa...

BACKGROUND As the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) approaches its 2020 goal, an increasing number of districts will enter the endgame phase where drug coverage rates from mass drug administration (MDA) are used to assess whether MDA can be stopped. As reported, the gap between reported and actual drug coverage in some contexts has overestimated the true rates, thus causin...

AIM Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), defined by the absence of receptors for estrogen, progesterone and human epithelial receptor 2 (HER2), is a recalcitrant disease in need of effective therapy. We previously isolated very-highly metastatic variants of the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 using serial orthotopic implantation of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells in nude mice. MATERIALS AND M...

OBJECTIVE To investigate effects of glucose excursion on the oxidative/antioxidative system in subjects with different types of glucose regulation. METHODS A total of 30 individuals with normal glucose regulation (NGR), 27 subjects with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and 27 subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were selected and recruited for 3 days' continuous gluc...

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) has been targeted for global elimination by 2020. The primary tool for the program is mass drug administration (MDA) with antifilarial medications to reduce the source of microfilariae required for mosquito transmission of the parasite. This strategy requires high MDA compliance rates. Egypt initiated a national filariasis elimination program in 2000 that targeted appr...

The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) are high in the brain during carbonyl stress, such as following daily activities and sleep deprivation. To examine our hypothesis that MDA is one of the major substances in the brain leading to fatigue, the influences of MDA on brain functions and neuronal encodings in red-eared turtle (Trachemys scripta) were studied. The intrathecal injections of MDA brough...

Bone metastasis is commonly found in prostate cancer (PC) patients. Although the mechanisms for the recurrence of bone metastasis-derived PC during medical or surgical castration therapy are still unclear because of the lack of suitable experimental models, one hypothesis is that enhanced androgen receptor (AR) signaling causes androgen-refractory PC growth. To test this hypothesis, we first es...

autoantibodies to cellular constituents are useful biomarkers associated with a certain diagnosis or clinical manifestations or both. Autoantibodies in polymyositis/ dermatomyositis (PM/DM) have been actively studied in recent years, and several myositis-specifi c antibodies (MSAs) have been newly described. In the previous issue of Arthritis Research & Th erapy, Muro and colleagues [1] reporte...