BACKGROUND Dental fear accounts for 41% of the non-habitual dental attendance such as visiting only when in pain among adult Finns. Dentists should be able to recognize patients in risk for irregular attendance due to dental fear and measure their fear with valid and reliable instrument that capture the multidimensionality of dental fear. The study's aim was to translate the Index of Dental Anx...

OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with destruction of type II collagen-rich hyaline articular cartilage. We hypothesized that classical interstitial collagenases cleave collagen type II, leading to the increased expression of the 3/4 native type II collagen fragment (COL2-3/4C) and the corresponding denatured type II collagen fragment (COL2-3/4M), which could correlate with different ...

BACKGROUND Heterogeneous disease trajectories of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia are frequently encountered in clinical practice, but there is still insufficient knowledge to understand the reasons and mechanisms causing this heterogeneity. In addition to correlates of the disorder, patient characteristics such as their health status, social environment, comorbidities and frailty m...

Previously, we have shown the preferential incorporation of label from [3-‘%]acetoacetate, D-( -)-3-hydroxy[3-%]butyrate, and [2-‘4C]glucose into sterols and fatty acids in brain in Id-day-old rats. In these experiments, we assumed that the labeled metabolites would be used from the blood in the form which was injected. However, during metabolic processes, a labeled metabolite which is present ...

Because angiogenesis plays a major role in the perpetuation of inflammatory arthritis, we explored a method for selectively targeting and destroying new synovial blood vessels. Mice with collagen-induced arthritis were injected intravenously with phage expressing an RGD motif. In addition, the RGD peptide (RGD-4C) was covalently linked to a proapoptotic heptapeptide dimer, D(KLAKLAK)2, and was ...

BACKGROUND High-molecular-weight phthalates in indoor dust have been associated with asthma in children, but few studies have evaluated phthalate biomarkers in association with respiratory outcomes. OBJECTIVES We explored the association between urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites and current asthma. METHODS In a cross-sectional analysis, 11 metabolites of 8 phthalates [includin...

During the last decades, a number of models is introduced in research, addressing different perspectives of the organizations’ competencies in collaborative networks. This paper introduces the “4C-model”, developed to address competencies of organizations, involved in Virtual organizations Breeding Environments (VBEs), from a new perspective. Design of the 4Cmodel aims at modeling those charact...

The weight window variance reduction method in the general-purpose Monte Carlo N-Particle radiation transport code MCNP has recently been rewritten. In particular, it is now possible to generate weight window importance functions on a superimposed mesh, eliminating the need to subdivide geometries for variance reduction purposes. Our assessment addresses the following questions: (1) Does the n...

introduction: in brachytherapy, radioactive sources are placed close to the tumor, therefore, small changes in their positions can cause large changes in the dose distribution. this emphasizes the need for computerized treatment planning. the usual method for treatment planning of cervix brachytherapy uses conventional radiographs in the manchester system. nowadays, because of their advantages ...