Basically all organisms can be classified as determinate growers if their growth stops or almost stops at maturation, or indeterminate growers if growth is still intense after maturation. Adult size for determinate growers is relatively well defined, whereas in indeterminate growers usually two measures are used: size at maturation and asymptotic size. The latter term is in fact not a direct me...

Background In vitro maturation (IVM) of human oocytes has acquired increasing attention in infertility treatment with great promise. This technique is an alternative conventional in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET), and can be reduced the side effects of gonadotropin stimulation such as ovarian hyperstimulation (OHSS). Oocyte maturation is a complex process including cytoplasmic and...

Background: Successful in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is an important step for production of livestock through assisted reproductive techniques including somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Obtaining an optimal duration for maturation of oocyte is essential, since over exposure to maturation medium results in oocyte aging, while under exposure leads to production of immature incompetent...

Background: Because of the problems of achieving to mature oocytes, abillity to deliver the oocytes to mature outside of ovaries was a big discovery that somewhat could reduce the risk of ART`s.Because of the low percentage of in vitro oocyte maturation, research for improving the IVM condition and increasing the oocyte maturation rate is to be continued. The aim of this research is the study o...

Background: Oocyte in vitro maturation success rate is still low in compareision to oocyte in vivo maturation. Thus prediction and improvement of oocyte competency are two critical issues in assisted reproductive technology. New insights into oocyte-cumulus cell regulatory loop may assist our optimization of in vitro maturation technique. Maturation and developmental competency of cumulus oocyt...

background: mammalian oocytes are exposed to a mixture of many different growth factors and cytokines which provides an optimized microenvironment for oocyte maturation. in the lack of this natural microenvironment in vitro the quality of oocyte and embryos appears to be suboptimal. objective: this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of egf and lif on in vitro maturation fertilizati...

Background Microstructural evidence of white matter (WM) dysmaturation in the brains of newborns with congenital heart disease (CHD) using MRI has been previously shown [1]. Further, delayed WM development confers an increased risk of WM injury before and after neonatal cardiac surgery [2]. WM injury is associated with a high incidence of subsequent neurodevelopmental deficits and fetal interve...

Alloimmunization is a common phenomenon after transfusion, with an estimated incidence of 0.5% increasing to 20-60% in chronically transfused patients. In recently transfused patients, serological typing can be hampered by mixed field agglutination. We established RT-PCR methods for RHD, RHC/c and RHE/e typing using mRNA from reticulocytes. Molecular typing was performed soon after 51 separate ...

A mathematical model connecting the dynamics of the essential components in this process; the erythrocytes (RBC), the hormone erythropoietin (EPO) and the oxygen is proposed. A time delay is included to simulate the dynamics of the maturation steps. A bifurcation analysis is performed to determine the ranges of parameter values. The effects of the time delay are seen in the simulated production...

Background: The period of growth spurt is an important factor in helping to optimize the outcome orthodontic treatment and can be determined through indicators cervical vertebral maturation stage dental maturation. According Bacetti, Cervical Vertebral Maturation Stage (CVMS) a method determine which categorized stages (CS) one six using lateral cephalograms. Demirjian, canine assessment used s...