In the twentieth century, rarely have mass casualty events yielded hundreds or thousands of critically ill patients requiring definitive critical care. However, future catastrophic natural disasters, epidemics or pandemics, nuclear device detonations, or large chemical exposures may change usual disaster epidemiology and require a large critical care response. This article reviews the existing ...

The Joint Committee to Create a National Policy to Enhance Survivability from Active Shooter and Intentional Mass Casualty Events was founded by the American College of Surgeons (ACS) in collaboration with representatives from the federal government, the National Security Council, the U.S. military, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and police, fire, and emergency medical organizations. The ...

BACKGROUND Traffic incidents are of main health issues all around the world and cause countless deaths, heavy casualties, and considerable tangible and intangible damage. In this regard, mass casualty traffic incidents are worthy of special attention as, in addition to all losses and damage, they create challenges in the way of providing health services to the victims. AIM The present study i...

OBJECTIVES To assess the preparedness of hospital pharmacies in New Jersey to provide pharmaceutical services in mass casualty scenarios. METHODS An electronic cross-sectional survey was developed to assess the general knowledge of available resources and attitudes toward the preparedness of the pharmacy department. RESULTS Out of 60 invitations to participate, 18 surveys (30%) were complet...

Disaster planning and response to a mass casualty incident pose unique demands on the medical community. Because they would be required to confront many casualties with bodily injury and surgical problems, surgeons in particular must become better educated in disaster management. Compared with routine practice, triage principles in disasters require an entirely different approach to evaluation ...

BACKGROUND Systematically planning appropriate medical coverage for mass-participation running events is a challenge that has received relatively little attention in the medical literature, despite its potentially severe consequences. In particular, the literature lacks quantitative information on running events that medical planners can utilize for decisions on medical resource allocation and ...

Statistics of accidents in British coal-mines have been collected in one form or another since 1873 (Ministry of Power, 1957). From those early days there has been a steady decline in the numbers of fatalities but even now more than 300 men a year are killed in mining accidents. About a million and a half injuries, varying from the trivial to the fatal, are reported in a year and coal-miners, w...

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Black Spot Programs in Western Australia. Reduction in crash rate at the treated locations and the economic benefits of these treatments were assessed. The results showed that the programs have been effective overall, reducing all reported crash rate by 15%. The estimated crash cost savings were 50.8 million Australian dollars, of which 89% could be...

Nurses in an Armed Force Hospital (AFH) expose to stronger stress than those in a civil hospital, especially in an emergency department (ED). Ironically, stresses of these nurses received few if any attention in academic research in the past. This study collects 227 samples from the emergency departments of four armed force hospitals in central and southern Taiwan. The research indicates that t...

Given both the expected growth in the number of older drivers and their over-involvement in fatal and serious injury crashes, there has been a world-wide call for improved licensing procedures to manage older driver safety. In particular, licensing authorities have been urged to move from mandatory assessment of all older drivers to assessment practices targeting only those at higher crash risk...