background : adiposity is correlated with metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hypertension etc. that finally can lead to coronary heart disease (chd). physical activity plays an important role in prevention of these diseases. we aimed to study body fat and plasma lipids and lipoproteins in different levels of physical fitness; also to examine any relationsh...

This article is based on written accounts posted on an online forum called Flashback. The purpose of the study was to explore how participants in this community negotiated the meanings of fitness doping and how such negotiations could be understood in terms of masculinity. The findings indicate that the Internet community studied in this article can be read as an example of a transformational p...

objectives : marginal adaptation is important for long-term success of full-coverage restorations. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of porcelain firing cycle and different thicknesses of ips e.max core on marginal accuracy of all-ceramic restorations. materials and methods : a standard stainless steel die with 0.8 mm classic chamfer finish line and 10° taper was used in this in...

Defenses, such as flight, cough, stress, and anxiety, should theoretically be expressed to a degree that is near the optimum needed to protect against a given threat. Many defenses seem, however, to be expressed too readily or too intensely. Furthermore, there are remarkably few untoward effects from using drugs to dampen defensive responses. A signal detection analysis of defense regulation ca...

marginal zone lymphoma (mzl) accounts for between 5% and 17% of all non-hodgkin lymphomas (nhl). w e reported a rare case of marginal zone lymphoma presenting with bilateral ear erythema and swelling. the case was a 79-year-old man who suffered from progressive bilateral ear erythema and swelling since 2 years ago. physical examination was remarkable for erythmatous, edematous and non-tender au...

introduction: marginal adaptation is the most critical item in long-term prognosis of single crowns. this study aimed to assess the marginal quality as well asthe discrepancies in marginal integrity of some pfm single crowns of posterior teeth by employing parallel radiography in shiraz dental school, shiraz, iran. methods: in this descriptive study, parallel radiographies were taken from 200 f...

When selecting habitats, herbivores must weigh multiple risks, such as predation, starvation, toxicity, and thermal stress, forcing them to make fitness trade-offs. Here, we applied the method of paired comparisons (PC) to investigate how herbivores make trade-offs between habitat features that influence selection of food patches. The method of PC measures utility and the inverse of utility, re...

Phenotypic plasticity and related processes (learning, developmental noise) have been proposed to both accelerate and slow down genetically based evolutionary change. While both views have been supported by various mathematical models and simulations, no general predictions have been offered as to when these alternative outcomes should occur. Here we propose a general framework to study the eff...

art. This transition may, in fact, be a requisite one for symbolism to provide any substantive fitness advantage. Until the brain is capable of supporting a level of symbolic complexity such that social life itself can be symbolically organized, then symbolism may be of only marginal consequence. What, then, were the selective factors behind this watershed transition? Social Complexity and Cogn...

In heterogeneous landscapes, divergent selection can favor the evolution of locally adapted ecotypes, especially when interhabitat gene flow is minimal. However, if habitats differ in size or quality, source-sink dynamics can shape evolutionary trajectories. Upland and bottomland forests of the southeastern USA differ in water table depth, light availability, edaphic conditions, and plant commu...