he therapy of climacteric complaints with estrogens and/or estrogengestagen combinations is undisputedly effective and presumably mostly safe for a short therapy duration. Longterm hormone therapy (HT) for the prevention of osteoporosis, the prevention of cardiovascular illnesses and for the increase of cognitive capacities in advanced age, however, does not appear justifiable any longer in lig...

BACKGROUND Keloid is a hypertrophic scar that may arise within 6 months after injury in susceptible individuals. Different therapies like surgical excision, intralesional steroid injections, local application of pressure, or postoperative irradiation with x-rays or electrons are reported. Although an immediate starting of therapy after surgery is usually recommended, delayed radiotherapy may al...

Time-related changes in the incidences of spontaneous neoplasms in adrenals (medulla), mamma, liver, pituitary, and (endocrine) pancreas were assessed statistically in Wistar, Sprague-Dawley, and F344 rats employed by BASF, Germany and major European contract research organizations over the last 20 years. Negative trends (7 of 80 cases) were observed for pituitary pars distalis adenomas in Spra...

An early event in the Trypanosoma cruzi cell invasion process, the recruitment of host lysosomes, led us to investigate the involvement of signal transduction. Infective trypomastigotes were found to contain a soluble Ca 2 1 -signaling activity for mammalian cells that is sensitive to protease inhibitors. Inhibitor and substrate utilization profiles were used to purify a candidate peptidase for...

These experiments test the hypothesis that preschool children are predisposed to interpret nouns as referring to taxonomic relations, and that this bias guides the early establishment of conceptual hierarchies (e.g., collie, dog, mamma/, aima/). Two familiar hierarchies-animals and food-and two linguistic form classesnouns and adjectives-were examined in detail. Experiment 1 tested the effect o...

Background Previous surgery or slim body configuration can limit the size of the available abdominal flap in autologous breast reconstruction. However, redundant skin and subcutaneous tissue lateral to the mastectomy site can be utilized as the pedicled lateral intercostal artery perforator (LICAP) flap. This study evaluates the combination of a free abdominal flap and a pedicled LICAP flap to ...

Transport of secretory proteins into the mammalian endoplasmic reticulum can bevisualized as a sequence of various steps which include membrane association, mem-brane insertion and completion of translocation. I t turns out that this transportdepends on the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates at various stages: (i) There isa GTP requirement in ribonucleoparticle-dependent tra...