Monetary economists have long recognized a tension between the bene…ts of fractional reserve banking, such as the ability to undertake more pro…table (long-term) investment opportunities, and the di¢ culties associated with fractional reserve banking, such as the risk of insolvency for each bank. The goal of this paper is to show that a speci…c form of private bank coalition (a joint-liability ...

Recent proposals call for the establishment of an international bankruptcy court that would adjudicate debt disputes between sovereign debtors and their creditors. One component of the operation of such an institution would be the declaration, under circumstances deemed appropriate, of a standstill preventing lenders from forcing payment of debt. Such a proposal would bring the enforcement and ...

Geometry of Interaction (GoI) is a research program initiated by Jean-Yves Girard which aims at defining a semantics of linear logic proofs accounting for the dynamical aspects of cut elimination. We present here a parametrised construction of a Geometry of Interaction for Multiplicative Additive Linear Logic (MALL) in which proofs are represented by families of directed weighted graphs. Contra...

Three-dimensional volumetric data are becoming increasingly available in a wide range of scientific and technical disciplines. With the right tools, we can expect such data to yield valuable insights about many important systems in our three-dimensional world. In this paper, we develop tools for the analysis of 3-D data which may contain structures built from lines, line segments, and filaments...

BACKGROUND Treatment of choroidal melanoma with radiation often involves placement of customized brachytherapy eye-plaques. However, the dosimetric properties inherent in source-based radiotherapy preclude facile dose optimization to critical ocular structures. Consequently, we have constructed a novel system for utilizing small beam low-energy radiation delivery, the Beamlet Low-kVp X-ray, or ...