Benign meningioma undergoing a malignant transformation (to a chondrosarcoma) in intraventricular location is very rare and this is first case report to best of our knowledge. Herein, we report a rare case of malignant transformation of a benign intraventricular meningioma with relevant literature.

BACKGROUND We evaluated factors that affect malignant transformation of leukoplakia in a sample of the Iranian population. METHODS The records of patients with a clinical diagnosis of leukoplakia during a 20-year period from 1989-2009 referred to two of the largest referral centers in southern Iran were studied. Patients that developed malignant transformation were compared with patients that...

BACKGROUND Key roles for epigenetic mechanisms in tumorigenesis are well accepted, while the relationship between gene methylation and malignant transformation of ovarian endometriosis (EMS) was seldom reported. In this study, we aimed to screen for aberrantly methylated genes associated with the malignant transformation of ovarian EMS and to preliminarily verify the reliability of screened res...

Malignant transformation is caused by multi-step genetic mutations, and growth factors are believed to play important roles in developing and maintaining malignant phenotype. However, there is no direct evidence that a specific growth factor contributes to malignant transformation of phenotypically normal cells. In order to assess the function of Acrogranin (also known as granulin epithelial pr...

Although uncommon, hemorrhage can be a complication of low grade glioma with an unfavorable prognosis such as transformation to higher grade glioma. To our knowledge, hemorrhagic recurrence of World Health Organization Grade II, diffuse astrocytoma without malignant transformation has not been reported. Thus, we report a case of diffuse astrocytoma with hemorrhagic recurrence without malignant ...

Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) in humans is positively influenced by oxidative stress status in kidneys. We recently reported that adaptive response to low level of chronic oxidative stress induces malignant transformation of immortalized human renal tubular epithelial cells. Epigenetic alterations in human RCC are well documented, but its role in oxidative stress-induced malignant transformation o...

CONTEXT Cutaneous epidermal cysts are common lesions, but fortunately, malignant transformation of their epithelium is rare. There are few case reports in the literature concerning malignant transformation of an epidermal cyst into squamous cell carcinoma. We present a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from an epidermal inclusion cyst and describe the clinical and histopathologic findings...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). METHODS A total of 169 IPMN and 108 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients who underwent curative resection were enrolled, and VEGF +405G/C and -460C/T SNPs were investigated. RESUL...