Abu Ja'far Ahmad b. Abi Khalid Ibn al-Jazzar, born in Qayrawan, the medieval capital of Tunisia, hailed from a family of physicians. ' His father IbrThim was a doctor, as was his paternal uncle Abu Bakr. He studied with the famous Jewish philosopher and physician Ishaq b. Sulayman al-Isra'ili (c. 243/855-343/955),2 who had been a student of Ishaq ibn 'Imran (d. 296/908),3 and who at the age of ...

iii Acknowledgement I wish to express my gratitude to a number of people who became involved with this thesis, one way or another. I am deeply indebted to my supervisor, Dr. Nauman Chaudhry whose help, stimulating discussions; suggestions and encouragement helped me in all the time of research and for writing of this thesis. In addition, I would like to thank Dr. Mahdi Abdelguerfi and Dr. Golde...

mohammad mahdi javaheri most of whose poems have political and social concepts is one of the prominent poets in iraq. he could devote himself to composing national poems for more than a half century. although most of his poems talk about movements and heroism in iraq, it should not be ignored that he did not limit himself just to his country. in this regard, he had pugnacity view against tyrann...

arabic and persian poems have numerous common points and poets of these two languages share the  same point in style, subject, structure and music of poetry. mahdi akhavan thaleth, famous iranian poet, and boland al-heidari, well-known iraqi poet,  are among poets who have many similarities in their works. as an example, there are some conceptual and verbal  similarities between qasedak and sae...

generosity is the human nameaned sign that god has created him on the basis of them as says;' indeed we honored the children of adam provided them with means of transportation on land and sea; and also provided them lowful and pur sustenance and preferred them abovemany of our creatures'(esra,70). in this manner put him the best nobleman of his creatures. the keeping of human generosi...

dr. mohammad mahdi al-baser is one of more learned in arabic and modern iraqi literature, to accompany contemporary critique school which injected the ideas of east and west, whereas to excel in it by his liberty, morality, and educationally criticism, to stopped in it lift up the inherited gaps and the stumbles. he battled against the slump, and exaggeration, and arbitrary. his style was disti...

the issue of “raj'at” (the return) is one of the important prophecies about the end of time that exist both in islamic and judaic - christian prophecies. according to the predictions of these religions, “raj'at” at the time of the advent of “the promised person” (al-mahdi in islam and jesus christ in christianity and messiah in judaism) will occur. this research is going to discuss th...

barghawatah were from among the religious suffriya berbers, who, relying on the simple-mindedness of the tribes and their dissatisfaction with the political situation established a state in far maghrib in the first half of 2nd/8th century by propagating an eclectic doctrinal tenet and claiming mahdi and continued until mid-5th/9th century. strategies of doctrinal discourses of barghawatah’s sta...