NOS-2-derived NO is involved in hypotension, vasoplegia, metabolic disorders and lung injury in endotoxic shock. On the other hand, NOS-3-derived NO protects against LPS-induced lung injury. We have previously shown that NO limits lung injury in the isolated blood-perfused rat lung. Here we characterize the ultrastructure of microvascular lung injury induced by LPS in the absence of endogenous ...

Objective: We evaluated lung injury following inhaled treatment with paclitaxel, and determined the potential mechanism underlying the lung injury and remodeling following inhaled treatment. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with paclitaxel (3 mg/kg), via tracheal intubation and mechanical aeration. Histopathological changes in lung tissue were determined by haematoxylin and eosin stain...

The choice of an intravenous solution for the attenuation of ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) lung injury is still a difficult one. Although 10% (w/v) pentastarch has been used in ICU settings, its use in I/R lung injury has not been well explored. We hypothesized that this synthetic colloid substance, which maintains colloid osmotic pressure and potentially 'seals' capillary leaks, in combination w...

RATIONALE Repair of damaged endothelium is important in recovery from acute lung injury. In animal models, bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells differentiate into mature endothelium and assist in repairing damaged vasculature. OBJECTIVES The quantity of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with acute lung injury is unknown. We hypothesize that increased numbers of circulating ...

I n this paper I introduce some new developments in the study of lung vascular injury and revisit some older approaches that need a fresh look. Lung vascular injury is becoming more and more fascinating as findings and techniques in other fields are adapted to lung vessels. Most topics of the Aspen Conference related to lung vascular injury; I tried to avoid duplication and concentrated on a fe...

SCA PBLD 14: Prevention and Management of Perioperative Lung Injury in Cardiothoracic Surgical patients. Jens Lohser MD, MSc, FRCPC. University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital Peter Slinger MD, FRCPC. University of Toronto, Toronto General Hospital Learning Objectives: 1) To understand the risk factors for development of perioperative lung injury in patients having intra-thoraci...

Background Lung injury is a common complication following major trauma. Large volume transfusions, thoracic injury, pulmonary contusion, and hypo perfusion have previously been associated with its development [1]. However, early predictors of differing grades of lung injury following trauma are yet to be described. The objective of this study was to characterise the admission risk factors assoc...

Rat lung transplantation is a proven experimental technique for the study of lung injury following lung transplantation. We have modified the surgical and ventilatory techniques to allow for independent ventilation in vivo of the transplanted graft and native lungs. This will provide additional data on the physiology and function of the transplanted graft and ameliorate the problem of progressi...

This review focuses on methods to image acute lung inflammation with Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Four approaches are discussed that differ for biologic function of the PET reporter probe, radiotracer employed, and specific aspect inflammatory response is targeted. 2-[ 18 F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([ F]FDG) an enzyme substrate whose uptake used measure metabolic activation cells during ...

Lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury occurs in various clinical conditions and heavily damaged lung function. Oxidative stress reaction and antioxidant enzymes play a pivotal role in the etiopathogenesis of lung I/R injury. In the current study, we investigated the impact of Maresin 1 on lung I/R injury and explored the possible mechanism involved in this process. MaR 1 ameliorated I/R-induce...