BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is one of the most devastating kinds of chronic pain. Neuroinflammation has been shown to contribute to the development of neuropathic pain. We have previously demonstrated that lumbar spinal cord-infiltrating CD4+ T lymphocytes contribute to the maintenance of mechanical hypersensitivity in spinal nerve L5 transection (L5Tx), a murine model of neuropathic pain. Here...

Neural stem cells in the lateral ventricles of the adult mouse CNS participate in repopulation of forebrain structures in vivo and are amenable to in vitro expansion by epidermal growth factor (EGF). There have been no reports of stem cells in more caudal brain regions or in the spinal cord of adult mammals. In this study we found that although ineffective alone, EGF and basic fibroblast growth...

In performing neuraxial procedures, knowledge of the location of the conus medullaris in patients of all ages is important. The aim of this study was to determine the location of conus medullaris in a sample of newborn/infant cadavers and sagittal MRIs of children, adolescents, and young adults. The subjects of both the samples were subdivided into four developmental stages. No statistical diff...

background & aim: patients with spinal cord injury (sci) impose a heavy burden on health care system. awareness on prevalence and incidence of sci is important because this would show the necessity of prevention. this study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and types of traumatic spinal cord injuries in a trauma referral center in guilan. methods & materials/patients: this is a descriptive ...

Neuropathic pain from nerve injury by trauma, disease or surgery often causes prolonged suffering. To explore the molecular mechanisms that underlie neuropathic pain, we used mRNA from the L4--5 segments of the lumbar spinal cord of rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain, and differentially screened a cDNA library from the rat brain. A novel gene, termed RSEP1 (Rat...

Lamina X of the spinal cord is a functionally diverse area with roles in locomotion, autonomic control and processing of mechano and nociceptive information. It is also a neurochemically diverse region. However, the different populations of cells in lamina X remain to be fully characterised. To determine the co-localisation of the enzymes responsible for the production of GABA and acetylcholine...

Fluoro-ruby was injected into the posterior funiculus of the spinal cord in the cervical (C5-T2) and lumbar (L3-6) segments of adult guinea pigs. The spinal cord was cut into serial frozen sections. The Fluoro-ruby labeling was clearly delineated from the surrounding structure. The labeling traversed the cervical, thoracic and lumbar segments, and was located on the ventral portion of the poste...

BACKGROUND Changes in the blood-central nervous system barriers occur under pathological conditions including inflammation and contribute to central manifestations of various diseases. After short-lasting peripheral and neurogenic inflammation, the evidence is mixed whether there are consistent blood-spinal cord changes. In the current study, we examine changes in the blood-spinal cord barrier ...

Introduction: In order to study the alterations of beta 1 and 2 integrins mRNA level in rat lumbar spinal cord following the induction of chronic pain and its effect on the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia, we examined the level of expression of these genes in the presence of chronic pain, which is an inhibitor of morphine tolerance. We used induction of chronic pain alone and ...

OBJECTIVE Severe global ischemia often results in severe damage to the central nervous system of survivors. Hind-limb paralysis is a common deficit caused by global ischemia. Until recently, most studies of global ischemia of the central nervous system have examined either the brain or spinal cord, but not both. Spinal cord damage specifically after global ischemia has not been studied in detai...