As antiretroviral therapy becomes more affordable, valid, reliable, and inexpensive laboratory tests are also needed to monitor the progression of disease in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The CD4(+) T-cell counts estimated by Capcellia, an immunocapture method, and flow cytometry were compared and were correlated with HIV type 1 (HIV-1) load. There was a significant ...

How can tissues generate large numbers of cells, yet keep the divisional load (the number of divisions along cell lineages) low in order to curtail the accumulation of somatic mutations and reduce the risk of cancer? To answer the question we consider a general model of hierarchically organized self-renewing tissues and show that the lifetime divisional load of such a tissue is independent of t...

Since prestressed concrete members rely on the tensile strength of the prestressing strands to resist loads, loss of even few them could result catastrophic. Therefore, it is important to measure present residual prestress force. Although there are some techniques for obtaining present prestress force, some problems still remain. One method is to install load cell in front of anchor head but th...

Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is strongly associated with the development of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer (CIN3+). However, HPV infection is common and usually transient. Viral load measured at a single time-point is a poor predictor of the natural history of HPV infection. The profile of viral load evolution over time could distinguish HPV...

objective(s): htlv-i and hiv virus quantification is an important marker for assessment of virus activities. since there is a direct relationship between the number of virus and disease progression, htlv- i and hiv co-infection might have an influence on the development of viral associated diseases, thus, viral replication of these viruses and co-infection were evaluated.   materials and method...

human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1) is associated with adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma (atl) and htlv-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (ham/tsp). only a limited percentage of infected individuals develop disease in response to the virus while the majority remain asymptomatic and ham/tsp is the most common clinical manifestation of the virus. ham/tsp is an inflamma...

In this study, tensile loading experiments are performed on notched steel bars at an average applied strain rate of 1s. Displacement fields are measured across the specimen by coupling digital image correlation (DIC) with imaging using high speed CCD cameras (4796 fps). Results from the experiments indicate the presence of local strain rates ranging from 0.1 to 10s in the notched specimens. The...

The association between serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) load and hepatic injury in HCV-infected patients has been extensively investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the association between HCV load in hepatic parenchyma cells and hepatic injury in HCV-infected patients. A total of 56 HCV-infected patients were included in the present retrospective study. The serum HCV mRNA was deter...

Embryogenesis, regeneration and cell differentiation in microbiological entities are influenced by mechanical forces. Therefore, development of mechanical properties of these materials is important. Neural network technique is a useful method which can be used to obtain cell deformation by the means of force-geometric deformation data or vice versa. Prior to insertion in the needle injection pr...