To evaluate the potential role of mitochondrial lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in tissue lactate clearance and oxidation in vivo, isolated rat liver, cardiac, and skeletal muscle mitochondria were incubated with lactate, pyruvate, glutamate, and succinate. As well, alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (CINN), a known monocarboxylate transport inhibitor, and oxamate, a known LDH inhibitor were used. Mito...

With a steadily increasing prevalence, insulin resistance (IR) is a major public health issue. This syndrome is defined as a set of metabolic dysfunctions associated with, or contributing to, a range of serious health problems. These disorders include type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). According to the literature in the field, several cell ty...

Mouse liver mitochondria were prepared as described and resuspended in MRM buffer (250 mM sucrose, 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.5, 1 mM ATP, 5 mM sodium succinate, 80 mM ADP, 2 mM K2HPO4) at a concentration of 0.5 mg ml 21 (ref. 18). Rat liver mitochondria were isolated from 4–6-month-old Fischer 344 £ brown Norway F1 rats by differential centrifugation as described, except the final wash and resuspension...

Besides the conventional isomerase-mediated pathway, unsaturated fatty acids with old-numbered double bonds are also metabolized by reduction pathways with NADPH as cofactor. The relative contributions of these pathways were measured in intact rat-liver and rat-heart mitochondria with a novel stable isotope tracer technique. A mixture of equal amounts of unlabelled cis-5-enoyl-CoA and 13C4-labe...

Work by Marinetti, Erbland & Stotz (1958) on pig-heart-cell fractions and by Macfarlane, Gray & Wheeldon (1960) on rat-liver-cell fractions have indicated that the mitochondrial and microsomal phospholipids may differ significantly in composition. In view of the results obtained by Collins (1960) and by Collins & Shotlander (1961), showing the widespread occurrence of complex amino-phospholipid...

Mitochondria from the 7777 hepatoma incorporate substantial amounts of l-[U-(14)C]serine into phospholipid by a Ca(2+)-dependent base-exchange reaction. This reaction is virtually absent in normal liver mitochondria. The finding cannot be attributed to microsomal contamination of the sucrose gradient-purified 7777 hepatoma mitochondria. The reaction is also absent in the rapid-growth controls, ...

Rat liver mitochondria are much more susceptible to protein oxidation induced by paraquat than plant mitochondria. The unsaturated index and the peroxidizability index are higher in rat than in potato tuber. The levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase are concurrent with the different sensitivities to paraquat, with higher activities in plant mitochondria. However, glutathione ...