introduction worldwide, chronic liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. causes of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (alt) levels vary depending on the population under study. the aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency and causes of persistently elevated alt levels in patients of the gastroenterology (gi) clinics in ghaem and emam reza hospitals in mashhad, iran....

background :timely diagnosis of liver cirrhosis is vital for preventing further liver damage and giving the patient the chance of transplantation. although biopsy of the liver is the gold standard for cirrhosis assessment, it has some risks and limitations and this has led to the development of new noninvasive methods to determine the stage and prognosis of the patients. we aimed to design an a...

case presentation we herein describe a case of a 7 year-old child affected by an overlap syndrome between type 2 autoimmune hepatitis and small duct primary sclerosing cholangitis. although characterized by a severe onset, the disease showed a good response to treatment with prednisone and azathioprine. conclusions the association of type 2 autoimmune hepatitis and small duct primary cholangiti...

background: although several observational and experimental studies have examined the effects of low carbohydrate diets (lcds) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld), there are considerable inconsistencies among studies. we summarized the effect of lcds on liver function tests, including intrahepatic lipid content (ihlc), alanine transaminase (alt), aspartate aminotransferases (ast),and ga...

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a by-product o f t he trichlorophenol (herbicide) production and is also produced through a variety of combustion processes. It appears that TCDD is a ubiquitous chemical, particularly in industrialised countries, and the liver is the target organ of its toxicity. The prominent hepatotoxic effect of TCDD is progressive centrilobular necrosis. Th...

the incidence of drug induced liver injury (dili) is about 1/1000 to 1/10000 among patients who receive therapeutic drug doses. drug induced hepatotoxicity is a major cause of acute and chronic liver disease. the severity of liver damage ranges from nonspecific changes in liver structure to acute liver failure, cirrhosis and liver cancer. some common agents that can cause liver injury are aceta...

tacrolimus, a cornerstone of immunosuppressive therapy in solid organ transplantation, has a narrow therapeutic range with considerable inter-individual and intra-individual pharmacokinetic variability. to date, there is no information on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in iranian liver transplant recipients. this study was designed to determine pharmacokinetic properties of orally administe...

background and objective: obesity in childhood increases the risk of fatty liver disease. with respect to the increased prevalence of obesity in iran and the world, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between fatty liver and obesity in 6 -18 year-old children. methods: in this case-control study, 25 overweight children and 24 obese children, who had inclusion criteria, were selecte...

background: we aimed at evaluating the toxicity effects of low (subtoxic) concentrations of silver nanoparticles (agnp, 5-10 nm) in human hepatoblastoma (hepg2) cell line after and during a period of about one month. methods: xtt and mtt assays were used to draw a dose-response curve ic50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) value of the agnp on hepg2 cells was calculated to be 2.75-3.0 mg/l...