The mechanisms underlying the protective effect of monounsaturated fatty acids (e.g. oleate) against the lipotoxic action of saturated fatty acids (e.g. palmitate) in skeletal muscle cells remain poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the role of mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) oxidation in mediating oleate's protective effect against palmitate-induced lipotoxicity. CPT1 (car...

The life style ‘gluttony and sloth’ has become the central point of morbidity and the biochemical consequences of these are explained in the form of an extended arm of lipotoxicity resulting in hyperinsulinemia (1). It is suggested that certain selective activation of genes like proprotein convertase subtilin/kexin type 9(PCSK9) involved in LDL receptor metabolism could help eliminate gluttonou...

In mammals, triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in nonadipose tissue, termed lipotoxicity, develops with obesity and can provoke insulin resistance, overt diabetes, and ovarian dysfunction. Leptin, an adipose tissue hormone, may mediate these effects. Feed-satiated broiler breeder hens manifest lipotoxicity-like symptoms. Changes in body and organ weights, hepatic and plasma TAG, nonesterified f...

Harsh environmental conditions including microgravity and radiation during prolonged spaceflights are known to alter hepatic metabolism. Our studies have focused on the analysis of possible changes in metabolic pathways in the livers of mice from spaceflight project "Bion-M 1". Mice experienced 30 days of spaceflight with and without an additional re-adaption period of seven days compared to co...

The excess influx of free fatty acids (FFAs) into nonadipose tissues, such as those of liver and kidney, induces lipotoxicity leading to hepatic steatosis and renal dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of methanolic flower extracts of Osmanthus fragrans (OF) and Chrysanthemum morifolium (CM) against FFA-induced lipotoxicity in hepatocytes (human HepG2 cel...

Lipotoxicity has been implicated in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes, but the exact mechanisms remain unknown. The current study explored the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway in cholesterol-induced lipotoxicity. Two different insulinoma cell lines were treated with cholesterol with or without inhibitors. ER stress-associated proteins glucose-regulated protei...

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious complication of diabetes caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance, myocardial fibrosis, and lipotoxicity; its nature insidious, complex difficult to treat. NLRP3 inflammasome triggers the maturation release pro-inflammatory cytokines, participates in pathophysiological processes such as resistance addition being closely related deve...