Promiscuous small molecules plague screening libraries and hit lists. Previous work has found that several nonspecific compounds form submicrometer aggregates, and it has been suggested that this aggregate species is responsible for the inhibition of many different enzymes. It is not understood how aggregates inhibit their targets. To address this question, biophysical, kinetic, and microscopy ...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for progesterone measurement in serum or plasma samples using penicillinase as label enzyme is reported. A C3 and C11 derivatives of progesterone were prepared and conjugated to bovin serum albumin (BSA). Polyclonal antibody against these two immunogens were prepared in New Zealand white rabbits. Purified Ig fractions of antibodies were immobilized o...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Marine snow Aggregates Biogeochemistry Density gradients Density interfaces Fluid dynamics Marine snow aggregates are often a dominant component of carbon flux and are sites of high bacterial activity; thus, small-scale changes in the settling behavior of marine snow can affect the vertical locations of carbon export and remineralization in the surface ocean. In ...

1. Rhodanese has been extracted from Thiobacillus denitrificans by ultrasonic disintegration of the cells. 2. Studies with Sephadex columns have shown that the enzyme aggregates, forming a tetramer. 3. The molecular weights of the monomer and of an enzymically active sub-unit one-quarter this size have been determined by gel filtration. 4. Higher-molecular-weight forms of rhodanese are broken d...

We have devloped an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determining choriomammotropin (human placental lactogen) in serum. Unlabeled hormone competes with choriomammotropin-beta-galactosidase conjugate for antibody bound to polystyrene tubes. The entire assay can be performed in 2.5 h with good precision. The coefficient of variation for one sample with a mean concentration of 5.6 mg/L, assay...

We examined selective autophagy against ubiquitinated protein aggregates in sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM) patients. The form of autophagy requires phosphorylation of serine 403 in p62/SQSTM1 to bind to Lys63-linked ubiquitin and the binding of the p62-ubiquitinated protein conjugates to LC3. In muscle biopsy specimens from 16 s-IBM patients, we compared the distribution of p62 (aa120...

Fibrinogen and β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide independently form ordered aggregates but in combination, they form disordered structures which are resistant to fibrinolytic enzymes like plasmin and cause severity in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). A novel enzyme of 31.3 kDa has been isolated from the root of the medicinal plant Aristolochia indica that showed fibrinolytic as well as fibrin-Aβ co-aggr...

Aberrant activation of transglutaminase 2 (TGase2) contributes to a variety of protein conformational disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases and age-related cataracts. The accumulation of improperly folded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), which promotes either repair or degradation of the damaged proteins. Inadequate UPR results in p...