Analysts and economists often face the task of using employment metrics to characterize industries interest. Some key challenges can be understanding where find metrics, differences in various when each metric should used. This article analyzes a variety publicly available data for United States compares these data. A detailed description intricacies source is provided, which covers factors suc...

In this paper, an economic order quantity (EOQ) inventory model for a deteriorating item is developed with the following characteristics: (i) The demand rate is deterministic and two-staged, i.e., it is constant in first part of the cycle and linear function of time in the second part. (ii) Deterioration rate is time-proportional. (iii) Shortages are not allowed to occur. The o...

Each of n jobs is to be processed without interruption on one of m unrelated parallel machines. The objective is to minimize the maximum completion time. A heuristic method is presented, the first stage of which uses linear programming to form a partial schedule leaving at most m 1 jobs unscheduled: the second stage schedules these m1 jobs using an enumerative method. For m 2 3, it is shown tha...

This paper investigates the problem of just-in-time permutation flow shop scheduling with limited buffers and linear job deterioration in an uncertain environment. The fuzzy set theory is applied to describe this situation. A novel mixed-integer nonlinear program is presented to minimize the weighted sum of fuzzy earliness and tardiness penalties. Due to the computational complexities, the prop...

In this paper we propose a system level power optimization problem : A problem to assign optimal V DD to each job under a time constraint. The objective function is total energy for the processing of all jobs. The proposed voltage assignment method consists of following two concepts. If some jobs are processed on single processor system under a time constraint, assigning lower supply voltage to...

The paper considers the problem of scheduling n jobs on a single machine to minimize the number of tardy jobs (or late jobs). Each job has a release date, a processing time and a due date. The general case with non-equal release dates and diierent due dates is considered. Various mixed-integer linear programming formulations are presented and discussed. A new polynomial solvable case is also in...

In many real-time systems, the workload can be characterized as a set of jobs with linear precedence constraints among them. Jobs often have variable execution times and arbitrary release times. We describe here three algorithms that can be used to compute upper bounds on completion times of such jobs scheduled on a priority-driven basis. The algorithmshave different performance and complexity....

We study the problem of preemptive scheduling of n equal-length jobs with given release times on m identical parallel machines. The objective is to minimize the average flow time. Recently, Brucker and Kravchenko [1] proved that the optimal schedule can be computed in polynomial time by solving a linear program with O(n) variables and constraints, followed by some substantial post-processing (w...

emobility challenges of the developingworld are considerably different than those inwealthier, advanced countries, and so are the challenges of coordinating transportation and land use. Rapid population growth, poverty and income disparities, overcrowded urban cores, poorly designed road networks, spatial mismatches between housing and jobs, deteriorating environmental conditions, and economic...