Abstract Lester Salamon’s interdependence theory has held up over time and across dozens of national contexts. However, the largely been developed through data on government partnerships with nonprofits for providing social services. While government-nonprofit exist in various service areas policy contexts, rarely applied less “traditional” settings. We apply a mixed-method sequential research ...

Economic valuation of water is useful in the administration and management of water. Population growth and urbanization caused municipal water demand increase in Iran. Limited water resource supply and urban water network capacity raised complexity in water resources management. Present condition suggests using economic value of water as a criterion for allocating policies and feasibility study...

Groundwater recharge with reclaimed municipal wastewater presents a wide spectrum of technical and health challenges that must be carefully evaluated prior to undertaking a project. This review will provide a discussion of groundwater recharge and its management with special reference to health and regulatory aspects of groundwater recharge with reclaimed municipal wastewater. At present, some ...

Considering the proliferation of information technology (IT), growing IT divides are still proven to exist today. Although some argue the broadband technology could be the platform for universal ubiquity, the benefits are still debatable for municipalities providing access. The authors discuss how public officials have decided to lead, support and usher in an era of rapid IT development by way ...

this paper is an attempt to generalize, simultaneously, the ring of real-valued continuous functions and the ring of real-valued measurable functions.

Anaerobic digestion of source-separated municipal organic waste is considered feasible in Denmark. The limited hydraulic retention in the biogas reactor (typically 15 d) does not allow full degradation of the organic waste. Storage of anaerobically digested municipal organic waste can therefore be a source of methane (CH4) emission that may contribute significantly to the potential global warmi...

MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS ARE THE SMALLEST AND MOST BASIC UNIT OF representative democracy (Dahl and Tufte 1973, 13). Politicians serving in these governments—mayors and members of municipal assemblies—perform important functions in the policy process by meeting residents on a regular basis, discussing policy matters with them, and making policy decisions that affect the communities in which they r...