The variation of English pronunciations as a result geographic proximity, or commonly known regional dialects is literary phenomenon that occurs worldwide. Due to the first language being Malay, most native Terengganu Malay (TrgM) speakers experience difficulties in employing Standard (SE) conversation. These dialectal features which are caused by mother tongue interference become more apparent...

This study of the pragmatics of cross-cultural text messages throws light on the evolution of new hybrid forms of literacy and on the complex ways that culture is expressed and mediated in second language/ second culture contexts. An investigation was carried out into the pragmatics of apology in first-language (L1) and second-language (L2) short messaging service text messages of adult Malay s...

This paper focuses on linguistic minority (LM) students who come from households where a language other than English is spoken. In particular, it examines the amount and type of resources English learners (ELs)—those LM students who are not yet proficient in English— need in order to have the opportunity to meet the same achievement standards as other students. This report addresses the followi...

background hispanics comprise 17% of the total u.s. population, surpassing african-americans as the largest minority group. linguistically, almost 60 million people speak a language other than english. this language diversity can create barriers and additional burden and risk when seeking health services. patients with limited english proficiency (lep) for example, have been shown to experience...

Recently tasks, as the basic units of syllabi, and the cognitive complexity, as the criterion for sequencing them, have caught many second language researchers’ attention. This study sought to explore the effect of utilizing the cognitively simple and complex tasks on high- and low-proficient EFL Iranian writers’ linguistic performance, i.e., fluency, accuracy, lexical complexity, and structura...

Metaphors suffuse language and affect how people think. A meta-analysis of metaphor framing studies conducted between 1983 and 2000 concluded that metaphors are about 6% more persuasive than literal language (Sopory & Dillard, 2002). However, each of these studies was conducted in English with samples drawn from populations of native English speakers. Here, we test whether and how language prof...

The view “the earlier the better” (e.g., [10]) may be a myth in a foreign language instructional setting (e.g., [1]). To identify successful late learners, this study compares early and late learners studying English as a foreign language in the situation of classroom minimal exposure to English, focusing on the perception of English consonants ([l, r]) produced by different talkers with and wi...

With the advent of post-epidemic era, China's tourism industry has increased significantly. So there is a need for large number people who are proficient in travel English. However, training professionals China somewhat backward. This paper analyzes problems existing listening and speaking teaching Tourism English higher vocational colleges, applies schema theory to this application colleges fr...

The field of education has greatly benefited from the advancements in technology, resulting more efficacious, interactive, comprehensive, and non-classroom-bound learning experiences. One such application is web-based learning, which employs Internet as a means to facilitate educational process. This modality instruction addresses various challenges that are inherent traditional pedagogical app...

introduction. as english is today's dominant language of science and technology (est), students having passed general and est courses need to interact primarily with the scientific community specially in their field of study for various purposes, including the use of educational films. this study specifically aims to evaluate the proficiency of iranian students of dentistry in understandin...