A questionnaire is a basic tool for collecting information in survey research. Often, these questions are measured using Likert scale. With multiple items on the same broad object, codes could be summed or averaged to give an indication of each respondent’s overall positive negative orientation towards that object. This basis scales. Aggregation methods have been widely used different research ...

Nature of science is defined as one of the directions of scientific literacy. The main aim of this study was to investigate both secondary school social and science branch post-graduate (non-thesis master) teacher candidates attitudes about the Nature of Science (NOS) and compare their attitudes towards NOS. A 12-item Likert type scale for teacher candidates was used, based on responses of 207 ...

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the validity and reliability of the Interaction Anxiousness Scale and to examine whether there are gender and social status differences among Turkish adolescents. The Interaction Anxiousness Scale, is a 21-item Likert-type scale, was distributed to several high schools and data obtained from 622 students was examined. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability...

BACKGROUND Perception-based Likert scale are commonly used to assess household food insecurity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties and external construct validity of the 9-item Food Access Survey Tool (FAST) in a population-based randomized controlled trial. METHODS Participating women (n = 11,992) were asked to recall the frequencies of nine food insecurity exp...

Item analysis is performed by developers as an integral part of the scale development process. Thus, items are excluded from depending on item prior to factor analysis. Existing discrimination indices calculated based correlation, yet with different response patterns likely have a similar index. This study proposed new index that can be used in Likert type scales and examined its effect results...

In evaluation instruments and tests individual items are often collected using an ordinal measurement or likert type scale. Typically measures such as Cronbach’s alpha are estimated using the standard Pearson correlation. Gadderman, Guhn and Zumbo (2012) illustrate how using the standard Pearson correlations may yield biased estimates of reliability when the data are ordinal and present methodo...

This study utilized critical incidents and open-ended surveys to develop a focused information technology (IT) user satisfaction survey for use in academia. The resulting Likert-type scale survey was administered to 122 individuals enrolled in three different MBA programs – traditional, distance-learning, and executive – at a large university. Hypothesis testing employed ANOVA and SEM. The resu...