signaling amp-activated protein kinase (ampk), an energy sensing enzyme, has been implicated in controlling inflammation. in this study we investigated whether activation of ampk by metformin could protect the lung from lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced acute injury by inhibitingng tlr4 pathway. male wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6): control group received normal saline (0.5...

background: toll like receptors (tlrs) are well recognized players in inflammatory conditions. among them tlr-4 is involved in chronic inflammatory processes such as formation of atherosclerotic plaques. objective: the present study was aimed to examine the effects of percutanoeus coronary intervention (pci) as a revascularization method on monocyte expression of htlr-4 and on the serum levels ...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a t cell mediated autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. appropriate ms therapeutic strategies need thorough understanding of both disease etiology and pathogenesis mechanisms. ligation of tlr-2 and tlr-4 stimulates the production of several cytokines leading to cns autoimmunity and neurodegenerative diseases. objective: to find a relationship between m...

Objective(s): Studies indicate that major deficiency in the levels of monoaminergic transmitters is a reason for severe depression. On the other hand, it is shown that Carthamus tinctorius L. (CT) may improve neuropsychological injuries by regulation of the monoamine transporter action. Hence, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the involvement of monoaminergic systems in antidepressan...

the role of angiogenic molecules, like vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) and fibroblast growth factor (fgf) in tumor angiogenesis was well confirmed. photodynamic therapy (pdt) action is, to very high degree, based on tumor vasculature damage. therefore, it seemed to be important to evaluate growth factor receptors after pdt. the extent of receptor expression was studied by immuno-histo...

Background and objectives: More than 40 different alkaloids have been obtained from opium the most important of which are morphine, codeine, papaverine, noscapine and tabaine. Opioid alkaloids produce analgesia by affecting areas of the brain that have peptides with pharmacological pseudo-opioid properties. These alkaloids show important effects on some intracellular peptides l...