A study in lossless image compression using the lifting scheme is presented. We first suggest why lossless image compression is an important issue and the general idea behind lifting. A detailed approach to generating biorthogonal wavelets using the lifting scheme is provided, which is followed by a small example. The results from applying lifting to a variety of images are given in order to te...

The electrophysiology of antidromic reentry, a less common phenomenon than orthodromic reentry, remains a poorly understood aspect of the Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. We used a pacing model of ventricular preexcitation in patients without WPW, so that electrophysiological events in the normal pathway during atrial extrastimulation (A1-A2 technique) could be precisely delineated without...

Lifting is a procedure for deriving strong valid inequalities for a closed set from inequalities that are valid for its lower dimensional restrictions. It is arguably one of the most effective ways of strengthening linear programming relaxations of 0–1 programming problems. Wolsey (1977) and Gu et al. (2000) show that superadditive lifting functions lead to sequence independent lifting of valid...

INTRODUCTION Standard electrophysiologic techniques generally allow discrimination among mechanisms of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the response of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia to atrial and ventricular overdrive pacing can help determine the tachycardia mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty-three patients with paroxysma...

This paper presents a new wavelet family for lossless image compression by re-factoring the channel representation of the update-then-predict lifting wavelet, introduced by Claypoole, Davis, Sweldens and Baraniuk, into lifting steps. We name the new wavelet family as invertible update-then-predict integer lifting wavelets (IUPILWs for short). To build IUPILWs, we investigate some central issues...

This report reduces the total number of lifting steps in a three-dimensional (3D) double lifting discrete wavelet transform (DWT), which has been widely applied for analyzing volumetric medical images. The lifting steps are necessary components in a DWT. Since calculation in a lifting step must wait for a result of former step, cascading many lifting steps brings about increase of delay from in...

This study recruited eleven healthy males and thirteen healthy females to examine their maximum two-handed isometric back lifting strength, upper-body lifting strength, arm lifting strength and shoulder lifting strength in three different horizontal distances of objects to be lifted (toes were anterior to, aligned with, and posterior to the exerted handle). The results showed that human lifting...

The polyphase-with-advance matrix representations of whole-sample symmetric (WS) unimodular filter banks form a multiplicative matrix Laurent polynomial group. Elements of this group can always be factored into lifting matrices with half-sample symmetric (HS) off-diagonal lifting filters; such linear phase lifting factorizations are specified in the ISO/IEC JPEG 2000 image coding standard. Half...

We introduce the concepts of lifting modules and (quasi-)discrete modules relative to a given left module. We also introduce the notion of SSRS-modules. It is shown that (1) if M is an amply supplementedmodule and 0→N ′ →N →N ′′ → 0 an exact sequence, then M isN-lifting if and only if it isN ′-lifting andN ′′-lifting; (2) ifM is a Noetherianmodule, then M is lifting if and only if M is R-liftin...