It is shown that a quantum groupoid (or a QUE algebroid, i.e., deformation of the universal enveloping algebra of a Lie algebroid) naturally gives rise to a Lie bialgebroid as a classical limit. The converse question, i.e., the quantization problem, is raised, and it is proved for all regular triangular Lie bialgebroids. For a Poisson manifold P , the existence of a star-product is shown to be ...

The algebraic structure underlying non-commutative Lie-Butcher series is the free Lie algebra over ordered trees. In this paper we present a characterization of this algebra in terms of balanced Lyndon words over a binary alphabet. This yields a systematic manner of enumerating terms in non-commutative Lie-Butcher series.

‎let $l$ be a lie algebra‎, ‎$mathrm{der}(l)$ be the set of all derivations of $l$ and $mathrm{der}_c(l)$ denote the set of all derivations $alphainmathrm{der}(l)$ for which $alpha(x)in [x,l]:={[x,y]vert yin l}$ for all $xin l$‎. ‎we obtain an upper bound for dimension of $mathrm{der}_c(l)$ of the finite dimensional nilpotent lie algebra $l$ over algebraically closed fields‎. ‎also‎, ‎we classi...

magnetotelluric (mt) method is an important passive surface geophysical method which uses the earth’s natural electromagnetic fields to investigate the electrical resistivity structure of the subsurface. the depth of investigation of mt is much higher than that of other electromagnetic (em) methods (vozoff, 1991). for a general conductivity distribution in the earth, the horizontal electric fie...

In this paper, an effective procedure based on coordinate stretching and radial basis functions (RBFs) collocation method is applied to solve singularly perturbed differential-difference equations with layer behavior. It is well known that if the boundary layer is very small, for good resolution of the numerical solution at least one of the collocation points must lie in the boundary layer. In ...