Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin, mucous membranes, nails and scalp. Esophageal lichen planus is a rarely reported manifestation of lichen planus, presenting itself commonly in middle-aged women, with symptoms such as dysphagia. We report a case of esophageal lichen planus in a 54-year-old woman associated with oral, cutaneous and ungual lichen planus. Altho...

Since its original description by Devergie in 1854, several cases of linear lichen planus have been described in the literature, but there have been notably few cases of the more rare zosteriform lichen planus. Zosteriform lichen planus needs to be differentiated from linear lichen planus and other linear dermatoses. We present a case of Zosteriform Lichen planus for its rarity and briefly revi...

BACKGROUND Hypnosis is an alternative or complementary therapy that has been used since ancient times to treat medical and dermatologic problems. OBJECTIVE To describe the various uses for hypnosis as an alternative or complementary therapy in dermatologic practice. METHODS A MEDLINE search was conducted from January 1966 through December 1998 on key words related to hypnosis and skin disor...

Mammalian herbivores have important top-down effects on ecological processes and landscapes by generating vegetation changes through grazing and trampling. For free-ranging herbivores on large landscapes, trampling is an important ecological factor. However, whereas grazing is widely studied, low-intensity trampling is rarely studied and quantified. The cold-adapted northern tundra reindeer (Ra...

Palmoplantar lichen planus is a localized and uncommon variant of lichen planus which is mostly resistant to treatment. Our purpose was to discuss all treatment modalities proposed and tested for palmoplantar lichen planus in the literature. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to evaluate evidence regarding all treatment modalities proposed and tested for palmoplantar lichen pla...

PURPOSE Using pathological examination we evaluated the involvement of lichen sclerosus in urethral strictures in men. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed an observational, descriptive, retrospective study of patients treated for genital lichen sclerosus who had at least 1 biopsy positive for lichen sclerosus. Study exclusion criteria were malignant penile lesions, incomplete data on personal ...

oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory immune-mediated disease. icam-1 and vcam-1 are vascular adhesion molecules that their receptors are located on endothelial cells and leukocytes. the aim of this study is the immunohistochemical evaluation of vcam1 and icam1 in oral lichen planus and to compare these two markers with normal mucosa for evaluation of angiogenesis. this descriptive-analy...

Lichen planus is a chronic papulosquamous dermatoses in which both skin and mucosae are involved. There are various morphological forms of lichen planus. Hypertrophic lichen planus is one of the rare clinical variants. Herein, we report a very unusual presentation of hypertrophic lichen planus. A similar presentation has not been reported in literature yet, to the best of our knowledge.