Whether culture is a determinant of economic growth remains a core question in development economics. Sharing norms, in particular, have often been the focus of interest due to their influence on redistribution and incentives for productive activity. Yet, little is known about the relative importance of such norms in developing countries, and whether these norms are fully internalized or domain...

Tara Latimer et al. recently stirred up the debate on health consumerism, so far seen as the promotion of patients’ autonomy, and aimed at improving patients’ choices about their own health. These authors explain that health consumerism was turned into an instrument that, although wearing the clothes of patient-centred care, ‘reflects a philosophy of libertarianism rather than a philosophy of p...

Many groups (healthcare professionals, lawyers, philosophers, non-governmental organisations, bioethics committees, journalists, religious groups, etc.) participate in the bioethical debate about medical assistance dying (MAiD). Bioethics literature on topic involve different approaches (analytic, empirical, policy oriented, activist) and various normative perspectives (discourses based deontol...

Background: Attention to ethical philosophy and in particular ethical theories is necessary for audits. The purpose of this study is to identify and examine the importance of ethical theories in auditing from the perspective of experts and professional activists. Method: This research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative part is conducted by Delphi and content ...

This article investigates voters' preferences for party families in Western European countries' general elections the 2000s. According to realignment literature, “traditional” class voting patterns have been replaced by new class-party alignments: upper-middle employee classes joined electoral bases of left parties, whereas radical right actors introduced competition most deprived strata popula...

Background The UK government's reckless and incompetent response to Covid-19 has produced an outcome which is amongst the worst in world, arguably terms of deaths per 100,000 population major countries (especially when one measures mortality from Covid cause death on certificate, rather than own measure-death a tested individual within 28 days testing). This article updates my initial analysis ...

ion." In The Tempting of America, the formulation is the same but the content has changed: questions of value must be left to the majority unless the original understanding produces a principle that trumps them. Mr. Bork now has the form of his basic argument, a form that can be filled using his method of the moment. So far, we have seen Mr. Bork hold most of the available conservative legal th...

This paper proposes a theory of optimal taxation using the tax reform approach and generalized social marginal welfare weights to capture social preferences for redistribution. A tax system is optimal if no budget neutral small reform can increase a weighted sum of (money metric) gains and losses across individuals. However, the weights used for aggregating gains and losses are not derived from...

Drawing on interviews with 140 young British males, this paper explores the ways in which men talk about their own bodies and bodily practices, and those of other men. The specific focus of interest is a variety of body modification practices, including working out (at a gym) tattooing, piercing and cosmetic surgery. We want to argue, however, that the significance of this analysis extends beyo...

1. Two principles of libertarianism A libertarian about free will typically holds at least one of the following two principles (see e.g. Kane 1996, though these are our formulations). The Principle of Alternate Possibilities (AP): I could have acted otherwise. Generally: for any free agent x, and action A performed by x in circumstances C at time t, then there was another action A', where A  A...