Real-world systems in nature can be described by complex networks. It is of current interest for researchers to construct network models depicting complex systems. In this paper, the generalized Koch network is proposed, which exhibits some properties of Koch networks. Analytical expressions involving the degree distribution, clustering coefficient and average path length for the generalized Ko...

Rare studies have been performed to trace the mineral elements in Dendrobium officinale. In this study, we aim to trace the mineral elements in D. officinale collected from ten geographical locations in China. ICP-MS system was used for simultaneous determination of mineral elements. Principal component analysis was performed using the obtained data in the quantification of mineral contents. Cl...

Alimurgic species are edible wild plants growing spontaneously as invasive weeds in natural grassland and farmed fields. Growing interest in biodiversity conservation projects suggests deeper study of the multifunctional roles they can play in metal uptake for phytoremediation and their food safety when cultivated in polluted land. In this study, the responses of the tap-rooted perennial specie...

Michael J. Ezell,1 Stanley N. Johnson,1 Yong Yu,2 Véronique Perraud,1 Emily A. Bruns,1 M. Lizabeth Alexander,3 Alla Zelenyuk,3 Donald Dabdub,4 and Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts1 1Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA 2Currently at California Air Resources Board, El Monte, California, USA 3Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Nat...

Tomato mosaic virus was reported from jasmine in Florida. We present the first complete genome sequence of a tomato mosaic virus isolate from this woody perennial plant in the United States.

In this paper, we reveal a remarkable connection between the Thue-Morse sequence and the Koch snowflake. Using turtle geometry and polygon maps, we realize the Thue-Morse sequence as the limit of polygonal curves in the plane. We then prove that a sequence of such curves converges to the Koch snowflake in the Hausdorff metric. In the final section we consider generalized Thue-Morse sequences an...

Metalaxyl is frequently used to protect a variety of crops from fungal diseases. This study aims establish method for the determination metalaxyl in Chinese bayberry, fresh Dendrobium officinale (D. officinale), and dried D. by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) further assess dietary risk. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile purified dispersed solid phase extractio...

Among the essential elements of a theory of disease is the set of criteria that must be satisfied to establish that some specific factor is the cause of a particular disease. For example, in the germ theory various nonequivalent criteria have been proposed for establishing that specific micro-organisms cause particular diseases.' Perhaps the most famous criteria are the conditions known as Koch...

Cnidium officinale Makino and Capsella bursa-pastoris are used as traditional herbs with diverse medicinal effects, including the inhibition of inflammation, reduction of blood pressure and as diuretics, however, the anti-cancer effects of C. officinale Makino and C. bursa-pastoris are poorly defined. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of methanol extracts of C. officinale Maki...