low-level laser therapy (lllt) provides several benefits for patients receiving orthodontic treatment. according to some literatures, orthodontic tooth movement (otm) can be enhanced but some investigators have reported contradictory results. this article reviews the literature regarding the different aspects of the use of lllt on otm and its alterations. the general data regarding the study de...

introduction: tonsillectomy is among commonest otorhinolaryngologic surgeries. many methods have been used to control post surgical pain, but despite it, pain is still one of the problems related to this operation. recently, due to the non invasiveness of low level lasers, this modality has attracted attention. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of low level laser irradiation ...

We construct models containing exactly one supercompact cardinal in which level by level inequivalence between strong compactness and supercompactness holds. In each model, above the supercompact cardinal, there are finitely many strongly compact cardinals, and the strongly compact and measurable cardinals precisely coincide. Say that a model containing supercompact cardinals satisfies level by...

Schema mappings and data mappings constitute essential building blocks of data integration, data exchange and peer-to-peer data sharing systems. At present, either schema-level mappings or datalevel mappings are used for data sharing purposes. In this paper we consider the semantics of bi-level mapping that combines the schema-level and data-level mappings. Tabular representation of the mapping...

We present a possible method for integrating high level and low level planning. To do so, we introduce the global plan random trajectory η0 : [1, T ] → R, measured by goals Gi and governed by the distribution p(η0 | {Gi}i=1). This distribution is combined with the low level robot-crowd planner p(f, f, . . . , f | z1:t) (from [Trautman et al., 2013, Trautman and Krause, 2010]) in the distributio...

Recently, the transaction-level modeling is widely referred to in system level design literature. However, the transactionlevel models(TLMs) are not well defined and the usages of TLM in the existing design approaches, namely system synthesis, platform-based design, and component-based design, are not systematically developed. In order to efficiently use TLMs in above design approaches, this re...

A B-ISDN national project in Korea has been carried out to develop a National Information Superhighway since 1992. An ATM switching system has been developed as one of the most important parts in the project, and has been tested in the National Information Superhighway testbed. In this paper, we develop a cell-level/call-level ATM switch simulator using cell-level and call-level input traffic m...

We motivate in this paper the need for application-level proximity. This proximity is a function of network characteristics that decide on the application performance. Most of existing protocols rely on the network-level proximity as for example the one based on the delay (e.g., the delay closest peer is the best peer to contact). In this paper, we study how much the two proximity definitions d...

Section 5.0 of DO-178B/ED-12B explains that when Source Code is generated directly from high-level requirements (HLR), then the high-level requirements are also considered lowlevel requirements (LLR), and the guidelines for low-level requirements also apply. This part of section 5.0 addresses the case where the system-level requirements are "directly" highly refined (i.e., created in one refine...