This paper analyses how central‐local relations shape environmental enforcement in China. It does so by seeking to understand how existing decentralized structures as well as recent trends towards centralization relate to temporal and geographical variation in enforcement since 1999‐2011. The paper finds that enforcement over time has become stricter and more frequent, however without yet match...

This paper presents a behaviorologist' s analytical review of the improper treatment to which defendants might be subjected as they pass through the various levels of the criminal justice system. Examples extracted from actual cases are presented throughout the article.' It examines the contingencies that control those abuses, and describes the effects on the behavior of defendants and official...

This paper argues that rectificatory justice should supplement distributive justice in allocating priority of access to scarce medical resources. Where a patient is at fault for the scarcity of healthy organs a principle of restitution requires that she should give priority to the faultless. Such restitution is non-punitive, and is akin to reparation in civil law, not criminal law. However, it ...

4 Goals Identification of the effects of stress at sea Mapping how to identify ways to reduce fatigue Identify how to improve the quality of life of people working at sea Protection of the mental health of seafarers Agreeing on ways of fostering the seafarers’ family life Preparing the crew on how to cope with a piracy attack Identification of the psychosocial aspects To obtain and review of av...

72 1024x768 normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa background : by providing a picture from published articles in a field, bibliometric studies can inform policy-makers in their challenging research funding decisions. in this regard, we applied bibliometric analysis to the iranian pediatrics articles published in pubmed indexed journals between 1975 and 2007. methods : we evaluated all p...

In this Article, Professor Christopher Yoo directly engages claims that mandating network neutrality is essential to protect consumers and to promote innovation on the Internet. It begins by analyzing the forces that are placing pressure on the basic network architecture to evolve, such as the emergence of Internet video and peer-to-peer architectures and the increasing heterogeneity in busines...