Glial cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules surround developing fiber tracts and are implicated in axonal pathfinding. These and other molecules are produced by these strategically located glial cells and have been shown to influence axonal growth across the midline in rodents. We searched for similar cellular and molecular structures surrounding the telencephalic commissures of fetal ...

From an immunologist perspective, sharks are an important group of jawed cartilaginous fishes and survey of the public database revealed a great gap in availability of large-scale sequence data for the group of Chondrichthyans the elasmobranchs. In an attempt to bridge this deficit we generated the transcriptome from the spleen and kidney tissues (a total of 1,606,172 transcripts) of the shark,...

Immunohistochemistry was used in this study to evaluate the effects of retinal lesions upon the distribution of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in the chick visual system. Following unilateral retinal lesions, the neuropil staining with an antibody against the beta 2 receptor subunit, a major component of alpha-bungarotoxin-insensitive nicotinic receptors, was dramatically re...

To begin characterizing the neural elements underlying the dynamic properties of local circuits in the mammalian superior colliculus (SC), electrophysiological and morphological properties of individual neurons in the intermediate layer [stratum griseum intermediale (SGI)] were investigated using whole cell patch-clamp recording and intracellular staining with biocytin in slice preparations fro...

Neurotrophins strongly affect visual system development and plasticity. However, the mode of delivery and targets of neurotrophin action are still under debate. For instance, cortical NT-4/5 (neurotrophin 4/5; Ntf4/5) was shown to rescue lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) neurons from monocular deprivation-induced atrophy suggesting a retrograde action on thalamic afferents. It is still unclear w...

Background. There is no specific data on the pathological lesions underlying idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in adolescents in Pakistan. Moreover, it is not known whether the pathological lesions in adolescents differ significantly from young children with INS in our setup. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis was carried out on all patients with INS with onset 18 years of age. T...

Munyaneza, J. E., Sengoda, V. G., Buchman, J. L., and Fisher, T. W. 2012. Effects of temperature on ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ and zebra chip potato disease symptom development. Plant Dis. 96:18-23. Temperature has been shown to have a significant effect on development of liberibacter species associated with citrus Huanglongbing disease. ‘Candidatus Liberibacter africanus’ and ‘Ca. ...

Determining how well we can efficiently compute approximate solutions to NPhard problems is of great theoretical and practical interest. Typically the famous PCP theorem is used for showing that a problem has no algorithms computing good approximations. Unfortunately, for many problem this approach has failed. Nevertheless, for such problems, we may instead be able to show that a large subclass...

Roy Halling has served as a PI on several prior NSF grants, the most recent of which is “Macrofungi of Costa Rica”, a collaborative project between REH and G. M. Mueller (DEB 9972018, $165,800, Sept. 1999-Aug. 2003). This work began as a biotic survey of “The Agaricales of Costa Rican Quercus Forests” funded by NSF and U.S.A.I.D. (DEB 9300798 with subcontract to NYBG, $62,065, May 1993-April 19...

Neurogenesis in the rat hippocampal region was examined with 3R-thymidine autoradiography. The rats in the prenatal groups were the offspring ofpregnant females given two injections oPR-thymidine on consecutive days in an overlapping series: embryonic (E) day E13+E14, E14+E15, ... , E21+E22. The rats in the postnatal (P) groups were injected in two nonoverlapping series: first, the day of birth...