Wireless sensor network (WSN) is an emerging technology for monitoring physical world. WSNs consist of large numbers of sensor nodes operated by battery mostly in harsh environment. Thus energy conservation is a primary issue for organization of these sensor nodes. Another crucial issue is the data delivery time by sensor nodes to the sink node, especially in Military, medical fields, and secur...

Study on energy-efficient routing algorithms is one of the critical problems of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a Density-based Energy-efficient Game-theoretic Routing Algorithm (DEGRA). As a clustering algorithm, DEGRA adopts game theory and make cluster head determination based on nodes’ density, residual energy and average energy consumption of its neighboring nodes. We a...

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is considered a growing research field that includes numerous nodes used to gather, process, and broadcast information. Energy efficiency one of the challenging tasks in WSN. The clustering routing are capable approaches solve issues energy enhance network’s lifetime. In this research, multi-objective-energy based black widow optimization algorithm (M-EBWOA) propos...

The electricity of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks is very limited, so it is an important research topic to deploy the sensor nodes and cooperate with an efficient routing algorithm for extending the network lifetime. In the related research, LEACH routing algorithm randomly selects cluster heads in each round to form a cluster network, which may cause additional power consumption and ...

<span lang="EN-US">Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has a major designing feature representing by energy. Specifically, the nodes have limited battery energy and are deployed remote from base station (BS); therefore, actual enhancement dealing with turns into Clustering routing protocols fundamentals which concerned in network lifetime improvement. Though, unexpected insensible of clusters...

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the sensor nodes are extremely energy restricted. Therefore, minimizing energy dissipation and maximizing network lifetime are the main goals of most energy efficient algorithms designed for these networks. Clustering techniques could significantly reduce the energy consumption of each individual sensor in WSNs. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient C...

Wireless sensor network (WSN) requires robust and energy efficient communication protocols to minimise the energy consumption as much as possible. However, the lifetime of sensor network reduces due to the adverse impacts caused by channel fading and interference in WSN. A cluster based cooperative multi input multi output (MIMO) routing scheme is proposed as a solution for this problem. Two MI...

In wireless sensor networks, clustering has the advantages of low energy consumption, simple routing scheme and good scalability, and is widely adopted. How to reduce the energy consumption while prolonging the network lifetime stays the key problem though. In this paper, a Density-based Energy-efficient Clustering Heterogeneous Algorithm (DECHA) is proposed for routing. Following the thoughts ...

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, pressure, etc. In sensing applications, data packets are flowing from sensor nodes to base station. In data collection processes, bottom up approach is used. In bottom up approach, all nodes send their sensed data packets to base stati...