Results based on ab initio density functional calculations indicate that cubic diamond, boron nitride, and many other cubic structures including rocksalt share a general graphitization tendency in ultrathin films terminated by close-packed (111) surfaces. Whereas such compounds often show an energy preference for cubic rather than layered atomic arrangements in the bulk, the surface energy of l...

This paper describes the development of a layered structure of a multi-resolutional scalable video codec based on the Color Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (CSPIHT) scheme. The new structure is designed in such a way that it supports the network Quality of Service (QoS) by allowing packet marking in a real-time layered multicast system with heterogeneous clients. Also, it provides (spati...

Reeb graphs represent the topological structure of a manifold based on a scalar-valued, sufficiently smooth function defined on it. The use of more than one function leads to Reeb spaces, which are thus able to capture more features of an object. The structure of the Reeb space of a 3-manifold with boundary with respect to two scalarvalued functions is captured by the layered Reeb graph. We pre...

this paper investigates the lateral vibration of single-layered graphene sheets based on a new theory called doublet mechanics with a length scale parameter. after a brief reviewing of doublet mechanics fundamentals, a sixth order partial differential equation that governs the lateral vibration of single-layered graphene sheets is derived. using doublet mechanics, the relation between natural f...

Dispersions of colloidal particles in cholesteric liquid crystals form an unusual solid by stabilizing a network of linear defects under tension in the ideal layered structure of the cholesteric. The large length scales of the cholesteric liquid crystals allowed direct observation of the network structure, and its properties were correlated with rheological measurements of elasticity. This syst...

A kind of tunable hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) based on the graphene-dielectric layered structure at near-infrared frequencies is presented, and the engineered surface Bloch waves between graphene-based HMM and isotropic medium are investigated. Our calculations demonstrate that the frequency and frequency range of surface Bloch waves existence can be tuned by varying the Fermi energy of graph...

Crystals of the title compound, (C(6)H(5)CH(2)CH(2)NH(3))(2)[CoCl(4)], were grown by the solvent-evaporation method. This inorganic-organic hybrid compound exhibits a layered structure in which isolated CoCl(4) inorganic layers alternate with bilayers of phenylethylammonium cations. Although the inorganic anion is zero-dimensional, the layered structure is stabilized via N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. ...

A localized mode in a photonic layered structure can develop nodal points (nodal planes), where the oscillating electric field is negligible. Placing a thin metallic layer at such a nodal point results in the phenomenon of induced transmission. Here we demonstrate that if the nodal point is not a point of symmetry, then even a tiny alteration of the permittivity in the vicinity of the metallic ...

Information extraction is a key component in dialogue systems. Knowledge about the world as well as knowledge specific to each word should be used for robust semantic processing. An intelligent agent is necessary for a dialogue system when meanings are strictly defined by using a world state model. A layered concept structure is proposed to represent knowledge associated with each word in a "sp...