Imagine a defendant who has been charged with murder, the intentional homicide of a victim he was robbing with a weapon. He has a history of three previous convictions and imprisonments for armed robbery. Prior to being released from the third term, he publicly threatened to kill any future armed robbery victims who might be able to identify him. When the current victim looked our armed robber ...

To a non-lawyer, references to law reports can appear confusing and complicated. This brief article attempts to explain how to decode such references and thus get to the reports. Those wishing to pursue the matter further are referred to more detailed explanations. This article deals primarily with English case law and is up to date as of December 1987.

Cases involving child abuse have received wide coverage lately, as has a case involving possible risk to a fetus because of a mother's addiction to solvents. Lawyer Karen Capen discusses the legal issues facing doctors over the reporting of child abuse and outlines their obligations and responsibilities.

The testament is the message opened to the public after the message writer is gone. In this paper, after modeling the secure testament revealing protocol under three parties, the rich, the family and the lawyer, we propose a scheme for this protocol under the defined security requirements. Also we claim that this research will play one of typical practices in multiparty cryptographic protocols.