Customary lattice methods are considered suitable for the description of the static, or low energy, nonperturbative properties of hadrons. Even though some progress has been made in studying the scattering length, form factors and the deep inelastic structure functions, the finite ultraviolet cut-off a ∼ 2GeV limits the application of classical lattice techniques mainly to the static phenomena....

Abstract. The energy of a simple graph G arising in chemical physics, denoted by E(G), is defined as the sum of the absolute values of eigenvalues of G. We consider the asymptotic energy per vertex (say asymptotic energy) for lattice systems. In general for a type of lattice in statistical physics , to compute the asymptotic energy with toroidal, cylindrical, Mobius-band, Klein-bottle, and free...

In this paper, we present a local search framework for lattice fit problem of proteins. Our algorithm significantly improves state-of-the-art results and justifies the significance of the lattice models. In addition to these, our analysis reveals the weakness of several energy functions used. A protein folds into a three dimensional native structure that has the minimum free energy. This struct...

We study the properties of energy spreading in a lattice of elastically colliding harmonic oscillators (Ding-Dong model). We demonstrate that in the regular lattice the spreading from a localized initial state is mediated by compactons and chaotic breathers. In a disordered lattice, the compactons do not exist, and the spreading eventually stops, resulting in a finite configuration with a few c...

We consider the evolution of a passive scalar in a shear flow in its representation as a system of lattice differential equations in wave number space. When the velocity field has small support, the interaction in wave number space is local and can be studied in terms of dispersive linear lattice waves. We close the restriction of the system to a finite set of wave numbers by implementing trans...

We present a lattice gas technique for simulating molecular self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers in aqueous environments. Water molecules, hydrocarbons tail-groups and amphiphilic head-groups are explicitly represented on a three dimensional discrete lattice. Molecules move on the lattice proportional to their continuous momentum. Collision rules preserve momentum and kinetic energy. Potential...

We study dipolar relaxation of a chromium Bose-Einstein condensate loaded into a three-dimensional (3D) optical lattice. We observe dipolar relaxation resonances when the magnetic energy released during the inelastic collision matches an excitation towards higher-energy bands. Spectroscopy of these resonances for two orientations of the magnetic field provides a 3D band spectroscopy of the latt...

Recent surface techniques to fabricate and arrange quantum wires on the semiconductor surface have enabled to synthesize the artificial two-dimensional lattice systems such as square and triangle lattices. For example, C. Albrecht et al. produced a square lattice by arranging InAs wires on GaInAs (001) surface and showed that a butterfly energy spectra is seen in the case of applying the magnet...

The potential energy surfaces for the chemical reactions of lattice-framework group 14 heavy carbene species have been studied using density functional theory (B3LYP/LANL2DZ) and the Gibbs free energy method. Five lattice-framework group 14 heavy carbene species, L-F-X: , where X = C, Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb, have been chosen as model reactants in this study. Also, four kinds of chemical reactions, ...

abstract. let $l$ be a lattice with the least element $0$. an element $xin l$ is a zero divisor if $xwedge y=0$ for some $yin l^*=lsetminus left{0right}$. the set of all zero divisors is denoted by $z(l)$. we associate a simple graph $gamma(l)$ to $l$ with vertex set $z(l)^*=z(l)setminus left{0right}$, the set of non-zero zero divisors of $l$ and distinct $x,yin z(l)^*$ are adjacent if and only...