– 8 – In 1993 and 1994, many crosses were made with the goal of developing rootstocks with broad and durable nematode resistance, while improving horticultural characters such as rooting ability and shoot length. The parents of these crosses included a number of grape species known to be highly resistant to both root-knot and dagger nematodes. They included several forms of Vitis arizonica, V. ...

The enormity of the problem of deteriorating pipeline infrastructure is widely apparent. Since a complete rebuilding of the piping system is not financially realistic, municipal and utility operators require the ability to monitor the condition of buried pipes. Thus, reliable pipeline assessment and management tools are necessary to develop long term cost effective maintenance, repair, and reha...

This study examined perception of multiple coronal places of articulation by native listeners of Western Arrernte. Three main findings emerged. 1) Coronal nasals and laterals are as perceptually robust as coronal stops. 2) Across manners of articulation, apical alveolars are less perceptually robust than other coronals. 3) Formant transitions from a preceding vowel are necessary to correctly id...

Evaluation of gastric emptying rate using nuclear scintigraphy as the gold standard method has been studied in various animals, but there is no report in suckling lambs. The aim of this study was to develop a nuclear scintigraphic method to visualize and measure abomasal emptying rate by estimation of scintigraphic half emptying time (T1/2) in the live neonatal lamb. Five healthy, female Irania...

Tamil is unusual among the world's languages in that some of its dialects have five contrasting liquids. This paper focuses on the characterization of these sounds in terms of articulatory geometry and kinematics, as well as their articulatory-acoustic relations. This study illustrates the use of multiple techniques--static palatography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetometry (EMMA)...

The extraction of a lower incisor constitutes a therapeutic alternative limited to certain occlusal situations, i.e. supernumerary incisors, tooth size anomalies (peg-shaped upper laterals), ectopic eruption and anterior crossbites. The effect of the extraction of a single incisor on the out of retention alignment of lower anterior teeth was studied in 26 treated cases. Initial (T1), final (T2)...

We use real-time magnetic resonance imaging (rtMRI) as a tool to investigate post-glossectomy speech by examining articulatory behavior. Our data reveal that listeners perceive speech produced by postoperative partial-glossectomy patients whose surgical procedure most affected the base of tongue to be typical, while speech produced by patients whose procedure affected the oral tongue is perceiv...

Ultrasound tongue image data are presented for two female speakers of the Central Australian language Arrernte, focusing on the nasal and lateral coronal consonants. These coronal places of articulation are: dental, alveolar, retroflex and palatal. It is shown that the tongue back is particularly far forward for the palatal consonant, and to a lesser extent also for the retroflex consonant. The...

Individuals with cleft lip and palate present significantly more dental anomalies, even outside the cleft area, than do individuals without clefts. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of tooth agenesis and patterns of hypodontia in a large sample of patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). Serial panoramic radiographs (the first radiograph was taken at 10.5-13.5 yr of ag...

The first of two studies in this paper (both using electromagnetic articulography) focused on onset clusters in German and French. Less overlap of C1 and C2 was found in plosive-nasal and plosive-rhotic clusters compared to plosive-laterals. Articulatory modeling was used to identify why the preferred coordination patterns are acoustically advantageous, and implications for metathesis and other...