Oxyntomodulin (OXM), a proglucagon-derived peptide, is a well known anorexigenic peptide found inthe gut and brain of mammals. The present study was carried out to investigate the central effect of OXM onfood intake in non-fasted and fasted Ross broiler chicks. At four weeks of age, a guide cannula wasstereotaxically implanted into the right lateral ventricle of each bird. Two experiments were ...

We investigated the role of circulating ANG II in sodium appetite after adrenalectomy. Adrenalectomized rats deprived of their main access to sodium (0.3 M NaCl) for 9 h drank 14.1 +/- 1.5 ml of the concentrated saline solution in 2 h of access. Intravenous infusion of captopril (2.5 mg/h) during the last 5 h of sodium restriction reduced sodium intake by 77 +/- 12% (n = 5) without affecting th...

It has long been suggested that serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter system activity is associated with ethanol (ETOH) intake and dependence. The authors studied the effects of neonatal 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) lesions on voluntary alcohol drinking in adult Wistar rats. At 3 days after birth animals were pretreated with desipramine (DMI) and then given a bilateral injection of 5,7-DHT int...

The purpose of this paper is to review our understanding of the involvement of central and peripheral factors in the control of feed intake in ruminants. The regulation of body weight under various states of energy need depends on an animal's ability to control feed intake to meet these needs. In the central nervous system (CNS), the ventromedial and lateral hypothalamus appear to be the areas ...

The role of the central opioid system in the control of water and salt intake is complex, with both stimulatory and inhibitory effects having been observed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the participation of the central κ-opioid receptors in the control of salt appetite. Male Wistar rats were submitted to two different experimental protocols: sodium deficit produced by the diu...

Marked variations in food intake have been described in various species following injury to certain parts of the hypothalamus, including an increased food intake or hyperphagia caused by lesions in the medial hypothalamus, especially lesions in or ventrolateral to the ventromedial nucleus; this hyperphagia leads to obesity."1418' 20 24 A decrease or complete inhibition of food intake has also b...

The present study investigated the effects of bilateral injections of the nonselective CCK receptor antagonist proglumide or CCK-8 into the lateral parabrachial nuclei (LPBN) on the ingestion of 0.3 M NaCl and water induced by intracerebroventricular injection of ANG II or by a combined treatment with subcutaneous furosemide (Furo) + captopril (Cap). Compared with the injection of saline (vehic...

Urocortin (UCN), a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family, inhibits food intake when it is injected intracerebroventricularly in rats. To explore the site of action of UCN in feeding behavior, we examined the effects of injection of UCN into various hypothalamic nuclei on food and water intake in 24-h fasted rats. Injection of UCN into the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (V...

Disruption of finely-coordinated neuropeptide signals in the hypothalamus can result in altered food intake and body weight. We identified neuron-derived neurotrophic factor (Nenf) as a novel secreted protein through a large scale screen aimed at identifying novel secreted hypothalamic proteins that regulate food intake. We observed robust Nenf expression in hypothalamic nuclei known to regulat...

To investigate how compensatory responses develop after the onset of inhibition of NPY signaling, we examined the effect of continuous intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of neutralizing NPY antibodies (NPY-ab) on daily and fast-induced food intake in mice. A single ICV injection of NPY-ab reduced food intake in fasted mice. In contrast to a single injection, continuous ICV injection of NPY...