the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the addition of commercial lipase in various forms on the acceleration of the ripening of uf-feta cheese. commercial lipase from aspergillus niger was encapsulated by using silica composition based on sol-gel method. lipase was then added to cheeses in three forms, namely, free lipase, encapsulated lipase, and encapsulated lipase with arabi...

background and objectives: in this study, the proteolysis and lipolysis of poosti cheese produced from raw sheep milk in mountainous eastern regions of iran were investigated during 90 days of ripening. materials and methods: sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for proteolysis (sds-page) and gas chromatography (gc) for free fatty acids (ffas) were applied to investigate th...

Chemical stimulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) causes adipose afferent reflex (AAR) and sympathetic activation. This study is to investigate the effects of AAR on lipolysis and the mechanisms of attenuated lipolysis response to enhanced AAR in obesity. Obesity was caused by high-fat diet for 12 weeks in rats. AAR was induced by injection of capsaicin into inguinal WAT or electrical stimulat...

High concentrations of TNF within obese adipose tissue increase basal lipolysis and antagonize insulin signaling. Adipocytes of the obese are also exposed to elevated levels of glucocorticoids (GCs), which antagonize TNF actions in many cell types. We tested the hypothesis that TNF decreases sensitivity to the antilipolytic effect of insulin and that GCs antagonize this effect in differentiated...

Loss of fat mass is a key feature of cancer cachexia and has been attributed to increased adipocyte lipolysis. The mechanism behind this alteration is unknown and was presently investigated. We studied mature s.c. fat cells and differentiated preadipocytes from 26 cancer patients with and without cachexia. Hormone-induced lipolysis and expression of lipolysis-regulating genes were determined to...

Triacylglycerol (TAG) stored in adipose tissue can be rapidly mobilized by the hydrolytic action of lipases, with the release of fatty acids (FA) that are used by other tissues during times of energy deprivation. Unlike synthesis of TAG, which occurs not only in adipose tissue but also in other tissues such as liver for very-low-density lipoprotein formation, hydrolysis of TAG, lipolysis, predo...

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulates lipolysis in human adipocytes. However, the mechanisms regulating this process are largely unknown. We demonstrate that TNF-alpha increases lipolysis in differentiated human adipocytes by activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), and elevation of intracellular cAMP. TNF-alpha activat...

A B S T RA C T Incubation of isolated rat epididymal fat cells is associated with the accumulation of adenosine in the incubation medium. To more clearly define the effect of adenosine on lipolysis, isolated rat epididymal adipocytes were studied with the perifusion system. Various combinations of epinephrine, adenosine, and adenosine deaminase were perifused through the adipocytes. Exogenous a...

The role of Ca2+ in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)stimulated lipolysis in rat adipocytes was investigated using perifused fat cells. With this system, it is possible to monitor minute-to-minute changes in glycerol release from adipocytes during both the activation and inactivation phases of hormone-induced lipolysis. The lipolytic response to ACTH was dose-dependent and 0.1 unit per ml of A...

We evaluated the effects of supplementation with DHEA (in elderly men and women) and testosterone (in elderly men) on postprandial or iv insulin suppression of lipolysis. We found no effect of these hormones on systemic lipolysis.