Kellogg, D. L., Jr., Y. Liu, and P. E. Pérgola. Selected Contribution: Gender differences in the endothelin-B receptor contribution to basal cutaneous vascular tone in humans. J Appl Physiol 91: 2407–2411, 2001.—To test whether the contribution of endothelin-B (ET-B) receptors to resting vascular tone differs between genders, we administered the ET-B receptor antagonist BQ-788 into the forearm ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that nitric oxide is required for preconditioning in an intact animal model of focal ischemia using neuronal and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (nNOS and eNOS) knockout mice. METHODS Cerebral blood flow was measured in wild-type, nNOS knockout, and eNOS knockout mice by hydrogen clearance (absolute) and laser Doppl...

We used Laser Doppler flowmetry to measure the effect on the blood flow to the femoral head/neck junction of two surgical approaches during resurfacing arthroplasty. We studied 24 hips undergoing resurfacing arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. Of these, 12 had a posterior approach and 12 a trochanteric flip approach. A Laser probe was placed under radiological control in the superolateral part of ...

Iontophoresis was used for a non-invasive administration of the agonist histamine. Flares and weals areas were measured after 1%, 0.01% and 0.0001% histamine solution iontophoresis (30 s, 1.4 mA/cm2). There was no clear-cut correlation between area and concentration. 0.0001% histamine solution iontophoresis induced only a vanishing redness. When a typical weal developed ( 1% and 0.01% histamine...

PURPOSE Topical glyceryl trinitrate heals anal fissures, but a majority of patients experience headache. Topical gels of the calcium channel blocker diltiazem and the cholinomimetic bethanechol significantly lower anal sphincter pressure in volunteers. This study investigated the use of these two new pharmacologic agents in the treatment of patients with chronic anal fissure. METHODS Two stud...

Vascular and neurological mechanisms are both likely to be involved in foot ulcer. We recently reported a pressure-induced vasodilation (PIV), relying on unmyelinated afferent excitation. We previously found that cutaneous blood flow in response to locally applied pressure might be impaired in diabetic patients because of the combined effects of low cutaneous temperature and alterations in micr...