BACKGROUND In school-aged children with cystic fibrosis (CF) structural lung damage assessed using chest CT is associated with abnormal ventilation distribution. The primary objective of this analysis was to determine the relationships between ventilation distribution outcomes and the presence and extent of structural damage as assessed by chest CT in infants and young children with CF. METHO...

Ocean acidification is predicted to have severe consequences for calcifying marine organisms especially molluscs. Recent studies, however, have found that molluscs in marine environments with naturally elevated or fluctuating CO2 or with an active, high metabolic rate lifestyle may have a capacity to acclimate and be resilient to exposures of elevated environmental pCO2. The aim of this study w...

Laws of nature are universal in scope, hold with unfailing regularity, and receive support from a wide array of facts and observations. The Law of Conservation of Information (LCI) is such a law. LCI characterizes the information costs that searches incur in outperforming blind search. Searches that operate by Darwinian selection, for instance, often significantly outperform blind search. But w...

Rationale: The lung clearance index (LCI) is responsive to acute respiratory events in preschool children with cystic fibrosis (CF), but its utility identify and manage these school-age CF not well defined.Objectives: To describe changes LCI CF.Methods: In a multisite prospective observational study, the FEV1 were measured quarterly during events. Linear regression was used compare relative FEV...

The first winter in the life cycle of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba is a critical period in which larval survival and recruitment to the adult population are highly sensitive to environmental conditions, yet little is known about larval physiological dynamics during this period. An individual-based model was developed to investigate patterns of larval krill growth and condition factor in re...

Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus Maturation at younger age and lower condition (lakes in Minnesota: Drake et al., 1997; source: Istockphoto). Atlantic silverside Menidia menidia Reduced growth rate; decrease in fecundity, egg volume, larval size at hatching, larval growth rate, larval survival, consumption, growth efficiency, food conversion efficiency, willingness to forage under threat of predati...