Landscape pattern (land use and natural patchiness) and complex topography strongly influence regional variation in emissions of trace gases and pollutants, as well as atmospheric transport processes. This leads to small-scale variation in the amount of (biogenic) emission, atmospheric deposition and in local concentrations of atmospheric consitutents. This chapter addresses the most important ...

Biodiversity is the basis for ecosystem goods and services that provide for human survival and prosperity. With a rapidly increasing human population and its demands for natural resources, landscapes are being fragmented, habitats are being destroyed, and biodiversity is declining. How can biodiversity be effectively conserved in the face of increasing human pressures? In this paper, I review c...

D. Zurell ([email protected]) Univ. of Potsdam, Inst. of Geoecology, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, DE-14476 Postdam, Germany. F. Jeltsch, Univ. of Potsdam, Inst. for Biochemistry and Biology, Maulbeerallee 2, DE-14469 Potsdam, Germany. C. F. Dormann, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Dept of Computational Landscape Ecology, Permoserstr. 15, DE-04318 Leipzig, Germany. B....

Studies of spatial patterns of landscapes are useful to quantify human impact, predict wildlife effects, or describe various landscape features. A robust landscape index should quantify two components of landscape diversity: composition and configuration. One category of landscape index is the contagion index. Some landscape ecologists promote the use of relative contagion indices. It is demons...

This paper provides contextual documentation of the LANDIS model development to provide a framework for the other papers in this special issue. The LANDIS model of forest landscape disturbance and succession was developed since the early 1990s as a research and management tool that optimizes the possible landscape extent (100 s ha to 1000 s km2), while providing mechanistic detail adequate for ...

We present a multidimensional-scaling algorithm and novel visualization tool for interactive exploration of the functional roles of genes in a gene set. We reference a popular database of gene attributes to build a two-dimensional projection of a user’s set of query genes that reveals the functional structure of a set of genes as well the relationship of the query genes to the whole gene landsc...

A significant challenge in nature-inspired algorithmics is the identification of specific characteristics of problems that make them harder (or easier) to solve using specific methods. The hope is that, by identifying these characteristics, we may more easily predict which algorithms are best-suited to problems sharing certain features. Here, we approach this problem using fitness landscape ana...

Through a discussion of the perceptions of hunters within a New Zealand tourism context, this paper explores how different perspectives of the ‘connection’ between hunter and prey are performed by participants and analysed by scholars using distinct ethical approaches. It attempts to contribute to the conversation about hunting ethics within the tourism and recreation fields by discussing the l...

Effects of potential barriers (roads and cultivated fields) on both demographic and genetic features of subpopulations of white-footed mice were studied near Ottawa, Canada. Live trapping, colored bait and track registry were used to study animal movements across roads on four 1.44 ha areas each within a small forest bisected by a narrow gravel road. The genetic study was done in 11 other fores...

I examine some non-anthropic approaches to the string landscape. These approaches are based on finding the initial conditions of the universe using the wavefunction of the multiverse to select the most probable vacuum out of this landscape. All approaches tackled so far seems to have their own problems and there is no clear cut alternative to anthropic reasoning. I suggest that finding the init...