BACKGROUND Carbon monoxide (CO) has been detected within anaesthesia breathing systems. One potential source in this setting is exhaled endogenous CO. We hypothesized that CO is re-breathed during low-flow anaesthesia (LFA) in infants and children. METHODS Twenty children (age 2 months-7 yr) undergoing general anaesthesia were evaluated in a prospective observation study. LFA was established ...

Conformational changes in integrins are important for efficient ligand binding during activation. We proposed that the I domain of the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) could exist in both open and closed conformations and generated constitutively activated LFA-1 by locking the I domain in the open conformation. Here we provide structural and biochemical evidence to vali...

While CD4 and the chemokine receptors are the principal receptors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), other cellular proteins, such as LFA-1, are also involved in HIV infection. LFA-1 and its ligands, ICAM-1, ICAM-2, and ICAM-3, can be expressed on the cells infected by HIV, as well as on the HIV virions themselves. To examine the role of LFA-1 expressed on target cells in HIV infection, Ju...

Adhesion of lymphocytes to vascular endothelium is the first event in the passage of lymphocytes into a chronic inflammatory reaction. To investigate molecular mechanisms of T-EC adhesion, monoclonal antibodies (Mab) against T cell surface antigens have been tested for inhibition of binding. Baseline and phorbol ester-stimulated adhesion were strongly inhibited by either Mab 60.3 (reactive with...

BACKGROUND LFA-1/JAM-A interaction plays a significant role in early steps of leukocyte transendothelial migration (diapedesis) which takes part in atherosclerosis pathogenesis. In this population-based case-control study, the frequencies of JAM-A rs790056 and LFA-1 rs8058823 gene polymorphisms in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and healthy subjects were investigated and the correlat...

Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) is a heterodimeric integrin consisting of α(L) (gene name, Itgal) and β(2) (gene name, Itgb2) subunits expressed in all leukocytes. LFA-1 is essential for neutrophil recruitment to inflamed tissue. Activation of LFA-1 by chemokines allows neutrophils and other leukocytes to undergo arrest, resulting in firm adhesion on endothelia expressing inter...

Inside-out signaling regulation of the beta2-integrin leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) by different cytoplasmic proteins, including 14-3-3 proteins, is essential for adhesion and migration of immune cells. Here, we identify a new pathway for the regulation of LFA-1 activity by Cbl-b, an adapter molecule and ubiquitin ligase that modulates several signaling pathways. Cbl-b-/- mice...

It is widely believed that rolling lymphocytes require successive chemokine-induced signaling for lymphocyte function– associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) to achieve a threshold avidity that will mediate lymphocyte arrest. Using an in vivo model of lymphocyte arrest, we show here that LFA-1-mediated arrest of lymphocytes rolling on high endothelial venules bearing LFA-1 ligands and chemokines was abru...

BACKGROUND Cryptococcosis is a common opportunistic infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals mostly occurring in resource-limited countries. This study compares the performance of a recently developed lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) to blood culture and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the diagnosis of cryptococcosis. METHODS Archived sera from 704 HIV-infected patients...

Background : Detection of biomarkers, such as galactomannan (GM), has proven to be great significance in early recognition invasive aspergillosis (IA). The aim our study was evaluate the lateral flow assay (LFA) for detection GM on serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples previously positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA). Methods: performed BAL obtained from patients with suspect...