Nanobubbles on a hydrophilic surface immersed in water and ethanol are inferred from the response of the surface to two consecutive heat pulses with a variable separation time. Bubble nucleation occurs at specific positions on the surface during the first heat pulse but at lower nucleation temperatures and random locations on the second. Nanobubbles are hypothesized to form on collapse of the b...

Drag forces acting on Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) were investigated from 'deceleration during glide' measurements. A total of 66 glides from six juvenile sea lions yielded a mean drag coefficient (referenced to total wetted surface area) of 0.0056 at a mean Reynolds number of 5.5x10(6). The drag values indicate that the boundary layer is largely turbulent for Steller sea lions swimmi...

Lin & Pauley [2] studied unsteady boundary-layer separation from an Eppler 387 airfoil at low Reynolds number numerically and compared their results with wind tunnel measurements. They found unsteady large-scale structure might control the lowReynolds-number separation bubble reattachment with smallscale turbulence playing a secondary role [4]. Drela [5], Drela & Giles[6] used a fully coupled n...

The present study reports experimental data and scaling analysis for forced convection of foams and microfoams in laminar flow in circular and rectangular tubes as well as in tube bundles. Foams and microfoams are pseudoplastic (shear thinning) two-phase fluids consisting of tightly packed bubbles with diameters ranging from tens of microns to a few millimeters. They have found applications in ...

Abstract Free-stream turbulence (FST) alters the boundary layer of wind turbine blades, changing hydrodynamic stability and near wake. Large-eddy simulations (LES) a blade section with laminar separation bubble for several intensities ( TI ) Reynolds number 10 5 are performed. The effects boundary-layer streaks generated by FST on Tollmien-Schlichting (TS) Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instabilities an...

Abstract